Proposal to address loss of trailer friction braking efficiency due to increased use of robust endurance braking systems and electrification of trucks. The number of trucks with strong endurance braking systems and increasing electrification of vehicles with more efficient energy recuperating systems reduces the use of friction brakes. As a result, brake pads and linings in some commercial vehicles do not reach a temperature that is needed for the development of optimum brake performance. In particular in trailers, a loss of brake force develops due to brake pads and linings losing effectiveness – they “fall asleep” and need to be replaced although they are not worn out.

Proposal to amend provisions in documents GRVA/2025/13 and GRVA/2025/14 concerning the type approval of a park lock device as an alternative to or in combination with the friction parking braking.

Proposal to amend para. 2.2.2.4. to include electric regenerative braking system and electric propulsion system, amend para. 2.21. to define Electric Regenerative Braking (ERB), add para. 2.56. to define e-trailer, amend para. 5.2.2.7. regarding braking surface connection and electrical regenerative braking system disconnection, insert para. 5.2.2.26. establishing special requirements for e-trailers and trailers equipped with ERB of Category O₃ or O₄, insert Annex 4 paras. 1.7.1.3., 3.1.2.6., and 3.1.3.5. requiring ERB system deactivation during brake applications and tests, insert Annex 13 para. 4.7. requiring anti-lock braking system for vehicles with ERB, and amend Annex 16 tables to include trailer regenerative system parameters, based on GRVA/2025/15.

Proposal to resolve the problem of decreasing trailer brake performance caused by brake pads and linings “falling asleep”.

Proposal to clarify that an Emergency Stop Signal may be generated by application of the service braking system via the Electronic Parking Brake.

Proposal to improve usability, especially in enabling user targeting of the stopping point of the vehicle.

Proposal to clarify that the use of any braking system control for testing the effectiveness of the secondary braking system in failure conditions is allowed.

Proposal to add definitions for “e-axle”, “e-axle trailer”, and “dynamo function” for trailers of category O₃ and O₄, amend paragraph 2.2.2.4. to reference electric regenerative braking systems and electric propulsion systems, insert new paragraphs 5.2.2.26.1. through 5.2.2.26.5. establishing special requirements for dynamo function including maximum retardation power of 20kW, wheel locking prevention at speeds above 15 km/h, and assessment according to Annex 18, insert requirements in Annex 4 to switch off electric regenerative braking systems and dynamo function during brake applications and tests, and amend Annex 19 Appendices 5 and 7 to include e-Axles in schematic diagram considerations. This document is based on GRVA/2025/15 and GRVA-21-12.

Proposal to establish definitions for “e-axle”, “e-axle trailer” and “dynamo function” and to establish provisions for the approval of e-axle trailers with regard to their “dynamo function”.

Proposal from OICA, CLEPA, and CITA to amend CITA’s proposal to enable real-time reading of electrical transmission brake demand values via an electronic vehicle interface and an off-board electronic device during periodical technical inspections, including a 24-month transitional period.

Proposal to allow the driver to slow down the remote parking manoeuvre, including coming to a stop, earlier than intended by the system.

This document proposes amendments to UN Regulation 13 for trailers with dynamo function, superseding GRVA-22-26, GRVA-2025-15, and GRVA-21-12. The dynamo function converts vehicle kinetic energy into electrical energy without affecting braking system forces and is limited to trailers of category O₂, O₃, and O₄ pending further development. Maximum retardation power limits are 22 kW for O₃/O₄ trailers and 2 kW for O₂ trailers, measured using specified methods. Requirements include wheel locking prevention with braking rate not exceeding 0.04 per wheel, functional safety assessment per Annex 18, and demonstration that anti-lock and stability control systems comply when dynamo function is enabled. The dynamo function shall not be used during brake application testing. Administrative amendments update Annexes 2, 4, 5, 10, 19, 20, and 21 to reference e-axles and dynamo functions.

Proposal to clarify that the parking brake may be actuated while the vehicle is in motion via actuation of the vehicle’s service braking system by means of an auxiliary control which could be an Electronic Parking Brake (EPB) and to promote consistent interpretation of the activation conditions for an Emergency Stop Signal (ESS), including by application of the service braking system via the EPB control.

The e-Trailer Industry Group reports on discussions regarding electrically propelled and recuperating trailers. ISO 11992-2 Edition 4 is not safely implementable due to incompatibility with current UN regulations, missing PGNs, and risks of malfunction. ISO/TC 22/SC 31/WG 4 launched Edition 5, targeting publication in early 2027. Amendments to UN R13 and UN R100 are being developed in phases, with Phase 1 addressing trailer dynamo function and Phase 2 addressing e-axle trailers. Two workshops with Contracting Parties are planned to establish shared understanding and develop concrete parameter extensions for amending UN Regulations.

Proposal to insert new sub-paragraph 5.6.1.1.4.1 establishing that requirements of paragraph 5.6.1.1.4 shall not apply to ACSF Category A functions provided they are intended solely to support low-speed vehicle controllability manoeuvres in off-road environments, operate only until 5km/h with 1km/h tolerance, require deliberate driver activation, require driver presence in driver’s seat with fastened safety belt, and allow driver to retain control and override or deactivate the system at any time.

Proposal to amend para. 2.8 of Annex 8 to add subparagraph (c). The amendment addresses trailers utilizing service braking system energy reserves for automatic brake requirements. Current para. 2.8 includes options (a) and (b) requiring spring brake pressure reduction or corresponding pressure reduction in spring compression chamber. New subparagraph (c) permits alternative designs where combined service braking and parking braking system activation holds a laden trailer on 18 percent gradients at any service brake energy reservoir pressure from 850 kPa to 0 kPa, providing greater realization flexibility while maintaining required holding performance.

Proposal to amend para. 2.8 of Annex 8 to UN R13 to require trailers utilizing service braking system energy reserves to fulfil one of three requirements when uncoupled and park brake control released: pressure in spring brake compression chamber shall reduce to 0 kPa when energy reserves reduce to 280 kPa, pressure reduction in service braking system energy reserve results in corresponding reduction in spring compression chamber pressure, or combined service and parking braking forces shall hold laden trailer as required when service brake energy reservoir reduces from 850 kPa to 0 kPa.

Proposal to amend para. 5.6.1.2.7. to increase the maximum RCP operating range from 6 m to 15 m. UN R79 currently limits the maximum RCP operating range to 6 m, resulting in effective usable range of 2 or 3 m due to radio wave-based ranging inaccuracy. A 15-meter range would enhance RCP function usefulness and safety, reducing driver movement and blind areas. RCP systems with extended ranges have been used in large markets without identified safety threats. The amendment is proposed as a supplement to the 03 and 04 series of amendments to UN R79.

Proposal to insert new para. 3.1.1. and 3.1.2. requiring manufacturers to provide information to approval authorities prior to application and upon extension of type approval; insert new para. 3.2.2. requiring manufacturers to provide summaries of safety definitions, driver safety levels, traffic rules assessment, and testing for each territory where ALKS can be active; and insert new paras. 4.6. to 4.6.6. establishing procedures for approvals covering multiple territories, including notification of receiving approval authorities at least 30 days before approval, review periods, and dispute resolution under the 1958 Agreement. OICA and CLEPA do not support mandatory pre-announcement but would support sharing Safe Operation documentation and lists of compliant territories during the approval process.

Supporting presentation on the proposal to insert a new sub-paragraph 5.6.1.1.4.1 to exempt ACSF Category A functions intended solely to support low-speed vehicle controllability manoeuvres in off-road environments from the obstacle detection requirements of paragraph 5.6.1.1.4, provided the function operates only until 5 km/h with 1 km/h tolerance, is activated deliberately by the driver in off-road environments only, requires the driver to be in the driver’s seat with safety belt fastened, and allows the driver to retain control and override or deactivate the system at any time.

OICA-CLEPA-EME comments on German proposal GRVA-25-07 to require the approval authority granting UN R155 or UN R156 type approvals to use CSMS or SUMS certificates signed by the same approval authority. OICA-CLEPA-EME identify that CSMS and SUMS are Management Systems covering entire manufacturer organizations, and mandating the same approval authority for Management Systems certificates and approvals will have significant consequences for original equipment manufacturers typically using multiple approval authorities in homologation. The submission proposes keeping text unchanged to allow different approval authorities for Management Systems certificates and type approval based on voluntary acceptance, implementing wording on information exchange if different approval authorities are involved, and establishing a horizontal approach for Management Systems with mutual recognition aspects considered.

Proposal to delete paragraph 1.2.6. excluding e-axle trailers with e-axles providing electric propulsion and/or incorporating an electric regenerative braking system from the scope of UN R13, and add definitions of “e-axle,” “e-axle trailer,” “dynamo function,” and “e-trailer”; add special requirements for power-driven vehicles supporting e-trailer operation, e-axle trailers equipped with dynamo function, and e-trailers of category O; add requirements for electric control lines conforming to ISO 11992-2:²⁰²⁷; specify message support and functional compatibility; and add provisions for electric regenerative braking, dynamo function, and propulsion, including parameters such as retarder torque demand priority, propulsion force limits, overriding mode activation at speeds below 15km/h, and vehicle stability function interaction.

Proposal to modify the specified maximum remote controlled parking operating range from 6 m to 15 m. Large markets including Canada, USA, and China do not regulate maximum remote controlled parking operating range. Remote controlled parking systems exceeding 6 m operating range are already offered in the field. Radio wave-based ranging is inherently inaccurate due to complicated and varying electromagnetic environment in garage and changing orientation of remote device, requiring safety margin integration into product design, which reduces effective usable range below 6 m maximum. Extended range remote controlled parking systems have been used in the field for several years without negative feedback or identified safety threats.

Document explains concerns about the approach in GRVA/2026/30 to require a single Approval Authority to issue certificates of compliance for Cyber Security Management Systems and Automated Driving Systems Management Systems and vehicle type approval. The proposed changes would lead to double or triple approvals of management systems, creating administrative burden and unresolved legal consequences regarding challenged certificates of compliance and their effects on other issued certificates for the same management system. The submission proposes clarifying existing wording, documenting implications of challenged certificates, and adding a new paragraph 5.1.5. to UN R155 permitting mutual agreement between Approval Authorities regarding certificate usage.

Proposal to amend Article 2, paragraph 2 to clarify that where a Certificate of Compliance required under a UN Regulation and issued by an Approval Authority of another Contracting Party is accepted by a Contracting Party, the Approval Authority granting the corresponding type approval shall remain responsible for all aspects of that type approval. The amendment addresses management systems and their Certificates of Compliance used in UN Regulations such as UN R155 and UN R156.

Proposal to insert a new para. 5.1.12. requiring that whenever an assessment of compliance to a requirement of this regulation is unachievable without reading internal signal(s) of an electronic system, the vehicle manufacturer shall provide instructions and tools to read signals on in-vehicle networks for the technical service to extract and interpret the signal(s), with this information appended to the test report.

Proposal to amend para. 3.4.1. and para. 3.4.4. in Annex 8 to require manufacturers to address how the braking system strategy will not prejudice safe operation due to failures with other systems involved in achieving the function of the system, and insert new para. 4.5. in Annex 6 to require consideration of the effect of implausible wheel-speed information on anti-lock system operation in fault analysis. The proposal responds to a United Kingdom collision involving tyre failure and ABS activation that resulted in unsafe operation.

Status report on e-axle trailer development within GRVA, covering taxonomy, regulatory approach, and progress. The document presents use cases for electric axles in trailers of categories O2, O3, and O4, comparing simplified frameworks for O2 with fully integrated heavy vehicle frameworks for O3/O4. Progress includes updated taxonomy, ISO 11992 standardization work, and completed workshops. Step 2 adoption is targeted for January 2027, with Step 3 planning for O2 trailers to be clarified.

Proposal to amend para. 5.6.1.2.7. to extend the maximum remote control parking (RCP) operating range to a maximum of 15 m if, prior to the operation, a visual message informing the operator of their responsibility is presented to and acknowledged by the operator. The justification notes that RCP systems with ranges exceeding 6 m are already offered in large markets such as Canada and the United States of America, and that such extended-range systems have been used in the field for several years without negative feedback or identified safety threats.

Proposal to insert a new sub-paragraph 5.6.1.1.4.1 to exempt ACSF Category A functions from the requirements of paragraph 5.6.1.1.4, provided that the functions are intended solely to assist the driver in regaining vehicle motion in limited traction conditions in off-road environments up to 5 km/h (+1 km/h tolerance), are activated following a deliberate action by the driver with the driver in the driver’s seat and safety belt fastened, and allow the driver to override or deactivate the function at any time, with the manufacturer to describe system behaviour when operating conditions are no longer met.

Proposal to clarify the provisions
applicable to the type-approval of Risk Mitigation Functions (RMF): Amend para. 5.1.6.3.4. to clarify that the signal to activate hazard warning lights is generated with the start of the intervention and is deemed to start the intervention, amend Annex 8 para. 3.6.1. to specify that hazard warning lights are activated at the earliest five seconds after the warning signal, and amend Annex 8 para. 3.6.2. (Scenarios A and B) to specify the same timing requirement for hazard warning lights activation in tests for RMF bringing the vehicle to a safe stop outside its own lane of travel. The proposal clarifies that the starting time of RMF operation comes with the driver warning and that five seconds should be measured until the hazard warning lights come.

Proposal to amend Annex 8, paragraph 2.8. to establish performance-based requirements ensuring continuous trailer immobilisation during service brake pressure depletion. The amendment requires that when a trailer is uncoupled and the park brake control is released, braking forces from combined service and parking braking systems shall hold the laden trailer at any time when service brake energy reservoir reduces from 850 kPa to 0 kPa, and that adequate overlap between service brake and spring brake functions be ensured so no loss of holding capability occurs during pressure depletion.

Proposal to amend GRVA/2026/34 proposing to amend para. 5.6.1.2.7. to modify the specified maximum RCP operating range from 6 m to 10 m, with provision to extend to a maximum of 15 m if direct line of sight between the remote-control device and the vehicle is ensured. The justification notes that RCP systems with extended ranges are already offered in large markets without regulatory limits, that radio wave-based ranging requires safety margins reducing effective usable range, and that increased range would reduce blind areas behind vehicles and allow drivers to better monitor surroundings while manoeuvring, reducing risks and increasing overall safety.

Correlation table showing the corresponding provisions of the current versions of UN R13 and UN R13-H as far as they are related to the proposed amended provisions by the EMB Informal Group regarding electro-mechanical braking systems.