Final draft of the report on the development of the driving test procedure (DTP) for the light-duty vehicle emissions and fuel consumption global technical regulation (WLTP).

Memorandum from the US Environmental Protection Agency on the proposed addition of test procedures for heavy-duty hybrid vehicles to the global technical regulation on heavy-duty vehicle emissions and fuel consumption (WHDC) identifying “a number of open issues that are causing concern for the United States and require resolution prior to considering the Annex for adoption”.

Brief review of open issues concerning electric vehicle testing for resolution during “Phase 1b” of the development of the light-duty vehicle emissions GTR (WLTP).

Review of main test procedures and flowchart towards determining pass/fails.

Plan for the Asian validation program to assess the repeatability of the WLTP test procedure as part of its phase 1b development.

Presentation of Japanese regulatory plans and views on the working draft of a possible global technical regulation concerning on-board diagnostic systems for L-category vehicles (mopeds, motorcycles and derivatives).

Presentation on the status, open issues, and next steps in the project to standardize selected terms used in UN Regulations and Global Technical Regulations with regard to vehicle propulsion technologies.

Presentation on the status of the work, including a new HILS-GTR v0.5 simulation model release, Validation Test Program 2 (VTP2) model verification and drive cycle development, the definition of rated power of hybrid system, and review of major open issues.

Presentation providing a summary of 15th HDH meeting, status of HDH validation test programs, topics for 16th HDH meeting, status of the amendment drafting group, revised project roadmap & planning, and plans for next meetings.

Review of the goals and status of the heavy-duty hybrid HILS test model validation program.

EC presentation reviewing the interest in and concern over the prospects for integrating the HDH procedures into the Euro VI legislation.

Draft technical report prepared by the expert subgroup on the development of the WLTP driving test procedure intended to accompany the draft global technical regulation on light-duty vehicle emissions and fuel consumption. The document explains the development of a test procedure intended to represent typical driving characteristics around the world.

Background information gathered in Korea to support the proposal for a new regulation to protect vehicle users with regard to harmful airborne chemical compounds originating from the materials used in vehicle interiors.

Review of the background research and current draft of the reference guide to worldwide electric vehicle environmental regulatory requirements.

Japanese comments on the recommendations/guidelines proposed in the draft electric vehicle environmental regulations reference guide.

Request for guidance from Germany on the possible further development of the regulation on replacement catalytic converters pursuant to the findings of a German study. The request particularly asks whether the regulation should require improved durability and emissions performance and whether a working group should be established to develop specific proposals. The document includes the findings on the emission performance of approved pollution control devices under the current UN R103.

Updated proposal for the second phase amendments to the retrofit emission control devices regulation from the REC informal working group.

Revised presentation of Japanese regulatory plans and views on the working draft of a possible global technical regulation concerning on-board diagnostic systems for L-category vehicles (mopeds, motorcycles and derivatives).

Report of the working group developing emissions and fuel economy test procedures for heavy-duty hybrid vehicles to the 68th session of the Working Party on Pollution and Energy.

Discussion document as revised during the 29th PMP session.

Presentation concerning the measurement of sub23 nm vehicle emissions particles.

Review of data and conclusions from the World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD) Tire Industry Project study on airborne tire and road dust particles. Established in January 2006, the goal of the Tire Industry Project (TIP) is to identify and address the potential health and environmental impacts of materials associated with tire making and use. This project is chaired by the three largest tire manufacturers – Bridgestone (Japan), Goodyear (US) and Michelin (France) – and includes a total of eleven companies representing approximately 70% of the world’s tire manufacturing capacity.

Overview of literature related to particle emissions from tire and/or brake wear regarding importance of such particle emissions, physico-chemical characteristics, and possible health effects.

Review of current evidence concerning risks from non-exhaust vehicle emissions and open questions regarding the potential value of a regulatory response.

Status report on the work to develop standards for heavy-duty vehicle dual-fuel retrofit systems.

Spreadsheet detailing the status of issues being addressed under the heavy-duty vehicle dual-fuel retrofit systems program.

Draft of the Electric Vehicle Regulatory Reference Guide concerning worldwide environmental regulations submitted to the GRPE by the EVE informal working group chair.

Report to the GRPE on the project to standardize WP.29 terms used in reference to vehicle propulsion systems.

Summary and conclusions from the 20 December 2013 conference call and the 8 January 2014 expert group session on the proposals for global technical regulations on evaporative emissions and OBD for motorcycles and related light vehicles.

Status report on the group’s current activities, including work on a new regulation covering heavy-duty dual-fuel retrofit systems.

Further updated proposal for the second phase amendments to the retrofit emission control devices regulation from the REC informal working group.

Pursuant to GRPE 68th session discussions, further updated proposal for the second phase amendments to the retrofit emission control devices regulation from the REC informal working group.

Report covering the reactivation of the WLTP (light vehicle emissions GTR) informal working group and its work on “Phase 1b” aimed at refining the original GTR currently pending adoption before the World Forum.

Status report on the group’s activities to develop amendments to GTR No. 2 on motorcycle emissions and new global technical regulations concerning L-category vehicle propulsion systems. The group’s priority interests include targets include evaporative emissions and on-board diagnostics testing, followed by tests for tailpipe emissions after cold start. Other interests include tailpipe emissions test at (increased) idle / free acceleration; emission test of crankcase gases; durability testing of pollution control devices; and measurement of CO2 emissions, fuel consumption, electric energy consumption and electric range determination; procedures to measure power and torque for propulsion technologies fitted on L-category vehicles; and uniform measurement of maximum design vehicle speed and/or power for restricted L-category vehicles.

Revised recommendations by AECC, CLEPA, EUROMOT, and OICA, pursuant to discussions during the GRPE-68 session, for minimum quality attributes of market fuels (i.e. gasoline and diesel) to be introduced “in parallel, and at the same time, to complement the level of motor vehicle and non-road mobile machinery pollutant emission standards that a country or region may be considering to introduce”.

Review by the Particle Measurement Program expert group of research on airborne particles from non-exhaust sources, especially particulates from brake friction materials and tires. The PMP group is evaluating whether such non-exhaust particulates represent an appropriate and feasible concern for further consideration as a possible regulatory issue.

Review of main issues concerning the measurement of sub-23 nm particles in vehicle exhaust, including work on NRMM vehicles.

Progress report on activities concerning environmental issues related to electric vehicles.

Review of the European validation program to assess the repeatability of the test procedure described in the Phase 1a GTR text.

Heinz Stephen presentation on the technical report on the development of the harmonized driving cycle used in the global technical regulation on light-duty vehicle emissions (WLTP).

Heinz Stephen presentation on the technical report on the development of the test procedures used in the global technical regulation on light-duty vehicle emissions (WLTP).

Heinz Stephen proposals for addressing selected technical issues remaining to be resolved through the supplemental phase (“phase 1B”) for the refinement of the global technical regulation on light-duty vehicle emissions.

Progress report on test validation and refinement efforts from the Technical University of Graz (concerning the chassis dynamometer test) and TNO (concerning the road load/coast down test)

Proposal of a test to reflect the CO2 values obtained under “real life temperature conditions”.

Progress report of the WLTP “Additional Pollutants” expert subgroup.

India comments on the working draft amendments to address motorcycle tailpipe emissions when idling, CO2 emissions, and possibly durability testing under GTR No. 2.

India comments on the draft GTR that would establish evaporative emissions test procedures for two-wheeled mopeds and motorcycles.

Appendix to document EPPR-06-04 with specific text proposals for the proposed motorcycle and moped evaporative emissions GTR.

India comments on the draft text for a new global technical regulation on motorcycle and moped on-board diagnostic systems (document EPPR-05-09).

This pre-meeting conference is scheduled for 3 February.

Empty template for developing the provisions of the proposed L-category vehicle on-board diagnostics global technical regulation.

India comments on the draft L-vehicle on-board diagnostics global technical regulation (marked in red on the document).

Japanese presentation of proposals for the scope of the global technical regulation on motorcycle crankcase and evaporative emissions and proposals for changes to the draft test specifications.

Japanese government position and recommendations for the proposed global technical regulation for motorcycle on-board diagnostic systems.

Spreadsheet matrix of the draft provisions of global technical regulation on motorcycle on-board diagnostic systems alongside comments from Japan.

Proposal for the stage I “requirements for two- or three-wheeled light motor vehicles with regard to on-board diagnostics”.

Proposal for the stages I and II “requirements for two- or three-wheeled light motor vehicles with regard to on-board diagnostics”.

European Commission working draft for a GTR to evaluate the propulsion performance of two- and three-wheeled light vehicles:

• maximum design vehicle speed; a test procedure comprising of repeated test runs over a defined distance on a test track or road to determine the maximum speed a vehicle is able to attain under standard conditions;
• net torque, net power; test procedures comprising of dynamometer runs at full load operation with measurements over a range of combustion engine and/or electric motor speeds to determine the maximum power and torque curves of the propulsion units;
• maximum thirty minutes power: test procedure comprising of a test run at a constant power over thirty minutes to determine the maximum power an electric powertrain is able to produce over a thirty minutes period;
• maximum continuous rated power, switch-off distance and maximum assistance factor: test procedure for light vehicles designed to pedal comprising of test runs on a test bench with measurements to determine the maximum continuous rated power, the driving distance with motor assistance after stopping to pedal (switch-off distance) and the maximum ratio of motor power to rider input power (assistance factor).

Working draft of the annex to specify the hybrid heavy-duty vehicle engine emissions and fuel efficiency measurement procedure using the hardware-in-the-loop method.

Presentation on the development of motorcycle emissions standards and motorcycle market in China and comment on motorcycle OBD regulation.

Open issues list concerning the proposed global technical regulation on motorcycle crankcase and evaporative emissions from the sixth session of the expert group on motorcycle emissions and propulsion systems.

Fourth draft of the electric vehicle reference guide on environmental regulations worldwide.

Suggestion by the European Commission to develop several global technical regulations concerning specific environmental aspects of electrified vehicles falling outside the scope of the WLTP (Worldwide Light vehicle Test Procedure for emissions and fuel efficiency) test cycle. These new GTR would complement the WLTP work by addressing adjacent issues such as battery durability or charging performance. The idea is to allow for these complementary rules to be referenced within the WLTP or other GTR but also to enable their use as stand-alone rules regardless of whether a nation applies WLTP.

Presentation on scenarios for deployment of electrified vehicles in the United States and impact on power consumption and CO₂ emissions.

Presentation on the organization of work projects under the program to develop global technical regulations on electric vehicle safety (Electric Vehicle Safety informal working group).

Revised Japanese presentation of proposals for the scope of the global technical regulation on motorcycle crankcase and evaporative emissions and proposals for changes to the draft test specifications.

Revised Japanese government position and recommendations for the proposed global technical regulation for motorcycle on-board diagnostic systems.

The informal group developing safety requirements specific to electrified vehicles has decided to break its work down into specific areas for development by individual task forces. This document, provided as a courtesy to the sister informal group focused on environmental aspects of electrified vehicles, outline the rules and procedures for these safety-requirement task forces.

Revised presentation on a research project intended primarily to evaluate regenerative braking energy and CO2 emission differences between a 2-wheel dynamometer, a 4-wheel dynamometer and empirically determined rear-axle braking forces applied the same test conditions on a 2-wheel dynamometer. The expectation is that the two-wheel dyno tests will produce the highest regenerative braking energy and lowest CO2 emissions since it places 100% of the braking load on the rear axle.

Revised presentation on the results of a cooperative research project between China and the EU on a system to evaluate the aggregate energy consumption (including upstream and downstream elements) of electrified vehicles.

Report from the special session focused on retrofit heavy-duty dual fuel systems.

Proposal to extend the mandate of the informal working group on heavy-duty hybrids to allow for the adaptation of the hybrid provisions developed for GTR No. 4 (WHDC heavy-duty emissions test cycle) to GTR No. 11 (Non-road vehicle emissions).

Voting form for the adoption vote on light vehicle emissions and tires.

Note from the WP.29 secretariat to convey concerns received from the Netherlands and Romania on the planned vote to amend UN Rules Nos. 1 and 2 on vehicle inspections.

Presentation on Korean steps to address concerns over emissions of volatile organic compounds including formaldehyde, toluene, ethylbenzene, styrene, benzene, and xylene emanating from materials used in vehicle interior components such as dashboards, carpeting, and seats.

Presentation on the use of “sailing” technologies to reduce CO₂ emissions and raising a question over the ability of the WLTP test cycle to account for the effect of sailing on vehicle emissions and fuel consumption performance. Sailing involves the decoupling of the engine from the drive shaft, enabling hybrid vehicles to cruise (or “sail”) on battery power alone until such time as the engine needs to be restarted to generate electricity and/or resume the torque functions.

Table of items for resolution in phase 1b in the development of the light vehicle emissions and fuel consumption global technical regulation.

Letter raising concerns regarding misinterpretation of the definition of a hybrid electric vehicle and resultant misapplication of approval requirements.

Proposal to refine the selection of reference speeds for the road load curve determination (Open Issues List Item 12: Coast down procedure (Annex 4)).

ACEA proposes to align the GTR text with the HEV definition used in the EC directive 692/2008/EC (Type-approval of motor vehicles with respect to emissions from light passenger and commercial vehicles (Euro 5 and Euro 6)).

Discussion of utility factors used in weighting emissions and fuel consumption. Utility factors are ratios based upon driver statistics and vehicle ranges recorded by off-vehicle charging (OVC) hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) (i.e., plug-in hybrid electric vehicles) in charge-depleting and charge-sustaining modes.

Proposal to maintain regulatory language to ensure that vehicles cannot be mis-fueled with a fuel (diesel, leaded or unleaded gasoline, etc.) other than that for which the vehicle is designed.

Heinz Stephen update on efforts to research and resolve open issues.

Supplemental Test for determination of CO2 emissions under representative regional conditions

Study on applicability of driving index (defined in SAE J2951) to WLTP test cycle.

WLTP drafting committee working document with corrections to the text of GTR No. 15.

Discussion paper on “open issue 13” (and 11) concerning corrections for wind conditions that impact coast down tests and times for road load determination and ultimately the road load settings of the chassis dynamometer. This document summarizes the views of the special ad hoc group formed to consider this issue.

Discussion paper on the use of the torque meter in the WLTP coast-down methods to measure the running resistance as part of the road load determination. This document summarizes the views of the special ad hoc group formed to consider this issue.

Text prepared by the GRPE working group on HDH to add the test procedure on heavy duty hybrids. The text has been prepared as a consolidated version of the GTR.

Working draft of Annex 9 (Test procedure using the HILS method) and Annex 10 (test procedure using the powertrains method) of the amendment to GTR No. 4 (heavy-duty vehicle emissions and fuel consumption) to introduce provisions for heavy-duty hybrid vehicles, prepared by the drafting subgroup of the HDH informal working group.

HDH drafting group working draft of the consolidated revision of GTR No. 4 to include provisions for heavy-duty hybrid vehicles.

Proposal on a family definition for road load determination.

Definition of wind tunnel for road load determination (Open Issues #10 and #18).

Real-time tailpipe ammonia measurements from vehicles tested over the new Worldwide harmonized Light-duty vehicle Test Cycle (WLTC)

WLTP Phase 1b: Generic formula for hydrocarbon density

Initial material for deliberations on road load curve determination.

Text prepared by the International Organization of Motor Vehicle Manufacturers (OICA) in order to adapt some requirements to the current state of technology and to transpose the latest decisions of the EU regarding OBD threshold limits.

Text prepared by the International Organization of Motor Vehicle Manufacturers (OICA) in order to update the on-board diagnostics (OBD) requirements in line with technological progress. This document includes amendments to the 06 and 07 series of amendments, superseding documents GRPE/2014/8 and GRPE/2014/9 from the January 2014 GRPE session.

Proposal to enable Contracting Parties to continue to issue type approvals for agricultural tractor and non-road mobile machinery engines according to earlier versions of the Regulation provided such engines are destined for sale in countries that apply the earlier versions. In other words, a manufacturer would be able to obtain approvals in its home country based upon previous sets of requirements that may not be those applied within the home country (but are used in other markets).

Proposed text of the guide to worldwide environmental and related regulations concerning electric vehicles as developed by the informal working group on Electric Vehicles and the Environment.

Zip compressed file for the amendment and related materials to enable the use of a Hardware-in-the-loop simulation (HILS) method for the certification of heavy-duty hybrid vehicles under Global Technical Regulation No. 4.

Draft text of the proposed regulation on heavy-duty vehicle dual-fuel retrofit systems (version 7.0 as prepared by the AEGPL).

Directions to the US Department of Transportation headquarters in Washington, DC.

Draft guidelines for the task forces being set up under the Electric Vehicle Safety Informal Working Group to pursue specific elements (protection against water, low electric energy, electrolyte leakage, rechargeable energy system in-use test protocol, cell/module/system testing, state of charge and fire resistance) envisioned for the proposed new global technical regulation.

The scope of EU Euro VI standards for heavy-duty vehicles has been expanded compared with Euro V. In order to prevent inconsistencies that could affect the ability to offer all vehicles for export, this proposal would apply the expanded scope retrospectively to the 05 series of amendments to UN R49. This proposal was adopted by the Working Party on Pollution and Energy (GRPE) at its 68th session based on document GRPE/2014/6, not amended.

Proposal to align the regulation with the full requirements for vehicles that meet “special social needs” under the regulatory framework of the European Union. In response to the extension of the scope of Euro VI legislation down to 2380 kg vehicles, this proposal would also add an exemption to take into account overlap between UN R83 and UN R101 with regard to light-duty vehicle CO₂ emissions and fuel/energy consumption. This proposal was adopted by the Working Party on Pollution and Energy (GRPE) at its 68th session based on document GRPE/2014/3, as amended by para. 25. of the session report and document GRPE/2014/7, not amended.

Proposal to align UN Regulation No. 101 with the latest changes in the regulatory framework of the European Union in relation to the specifications of new reference fuels E10 and B7. Adopted by the Working Party on Pollution and Energy (GRPE) at its 68th session based on document GRPE/2014/5, not amended.

Proposal to revise the definitions of REC devices and to introduce stricter limit values (reduction levels) for REC systems and transitional provisions for the sale of REC systems that meet the requirements of the REC Regulation in its original form. To assure coherence with the change in the definitions, the text also includes a revision of the test sequence for particulate reduction and the equivalence matrix for the Regulation No. 49 Standard series. The text was adopted by the Working Party on Pollution and Energy (GRPE) at its 68th session based on document GRPE/2014/4 as amended by GRPE-68-17-Rev.2.

Progress reports from TUG (chassis dynamometer corrections) and TNO (coast down corrections) covering preliminary results (as of 27.03.2014).

This document describes the calibration and validation procedures for the VPR. Calibration of the VPR is to be performed at the point of manufacture and validation is to be performed at least at 6 month intervals for all instruments without automatic temperature sensors or at least at 12 month intervals if automatic temperature sensors are present. The calibration procedure must be repeated if the system ‘fails’ its validation procedure or the particle number measurement system is modified in any way.

Presentation on the status of work on phase 1b in the development of GTR No. 15 and particularly on the work of the WLTP Electric Vehicles subgroup.

Presentation on REBRAKE, the European Commission-supported project to better understand brake-wear emissions and their impact on air quality.

Draft revision 01 (second issue) of the draft new regulation on uniform provisions concerning the approval of dual fuel retrofit systems to be installed on heavy duty diesel engines and vehicles submitted by ACEA. The previous version (Revision 00: first issue) was submitted by the AEGPL.

Review of Korean results using the heavy-duty hybrid vehicle mode on a chassis dynamometer per the proposed amendment to enable hybrid vehicle testing under GTR No.4

Discussion presentation from Japan towards harmonizing the provisions for testing hybrid vehicles in the kokujikan and the proposed GTR to avoid divergent interpretations.

The HILS method currently used in Japan does use a cold-start test in hybrid testing; however, GTR No. 4 will use a cold-start test. This presentation discusses Japan’s proposal for a “predicted temperature method” that inputs the temperature profile of each component in advance.

Authorization prepared to enable the amendment of GTR No. 15 and to prolong the mandate of the WLTP informal working group as adopted by the Administrative Committee of the 1998 Agreement at its March 2014 session.

ACEA proposal for defining a hybrid key function (torque split for parallel hybrids and energy management for serial hybrids) in the configuration of HILS software in the testing heavy-duty hybrid vehicles. ACEA also proposes to exclude “micro” hybrid systems (i.e., 48-v based systems) used to supplement the internal combustion engine as a means to reduce CO₂ emissions and improve fuel efficiency. The exclusion criteria would be based upon the ratio of positive electrical power to total system power (to be defined).

Review of findings from the review of literature on particle emissions from non-exhaust sources covering tires and brake materials.

Discussion presentation on issues potentially impacting the measurement of PN during regeneration of gasoline particulate filters and diesel particulate filters on light-duty vehicles.

Draft copy for PMP informal group comment of the JRC Science and Policy Report.

Summary of the PN calibration project under the European Metrology Research Programme’s project on “emerging requirements for measuring pollutants from automotive exhaust emissions” (EMRP ENV-02).

Presentation on Swedish and Scandinavian research into sources and impact of non-exhaust airborne particles, including from wear on roads, tires, brakes, and similar sources.

Status report on research and validation programs concerning:

• HILS Model Library
• WHVC Test Cycle
• System Work Concept
• Rated Power Determination for a Hybrid Vehicle
• Family Concept-Validity of Certification
• Validation Test Phase 2 (VTP2) Validation Results−Sub-presentations of VOLVO, MAN and IVECO
• VTP2 conclusions & discussion of further actions

Proposal as adopted by the GRPE at its 68th session based upon an original proposal (subsequently amended) by the European Commission to align the requirements of Regulation No. 83 with those of European Union Regulation (EC) Nos. 715/2007, 692/2008, 566/2011, 459/2012 and 630/2012.

EC proposal to address misinterpretations among type approval authorities and manufacturers that “extreme range extenders” (e.g. serial hybrid + small gasoline tank volume + range extender only used after battery is exhausted, + …) can be type-approved as pure electric vehicles.

Published report by TRL/ECORYS under a contract from the European Commission to assess the expected impact (cost/benefit) of the proposals for global technical regulations to address fuel-efficiency, emissions, and related performance characteristics of motorcycles and related L-category vehicles.