Proposal to clarify applicable FCV test procedure, align run-in provisions with UN-R154, add SOC correction and modern hydrogen measurement provisions, correct inconsistencies, update hydrogen fuel specifications, and replace outdated UN GTR No. 15 reference in UN-R101 with UN-R154 for alternative road load determination.

Proposal to insert a new definition of hydrogen ICE vehicle, add a note to paragraph 6.1 specifying emissions requirements for 4-phase and 3-phase WLTC analysis, amend paragraphs 8.2, 9.3.1, 9.5, 10.2, 10.6, and 10.7 to clarify trip validity assessment procedures, amend Figure 6 to reflect updated assessment procedures, amend Table A4/1 to add engine fuel flow parameter and clarify mandatory parameters for hydrogen ICE vehicles, insert a new row in Table A5/1 for hydrogen, amend Annex 6 paragraph 3.2.2 to require engine speed and torque recording for hydrogen ICE vehicles, insert hydrogen in Table A7/1, retitle Annex 8, amend Annex 8 paragraph 1 to clarify application of moving averaging window method, and add new Annex 8a establishing an alternative moving averaging window methodology based on engine work for hydrogen ICE vehicles, and amend Annex 11 paragraphs 2, 3.1, and 3.2 and Figure A11/1 to incorporate work ratio calculations for hydrogen fuel tests.

Proposal to amend para. 3.7.1. to define rated engine power by reference to UN R85 or UN R177, modify para. 6.3.2.2. to specify applicability to Level 1A only (original and 02 series) or 4-phase WLTP test only (01 and 03 series), amend para. 6.3.2.3. to apply only to Level 1B (original and 02 series) or 3-phase WLTP test (01 and 03 series), modify Annex B1 para. 2.3.2. to except PEVs from Class 3 classification for Level 1B only (original and 02 series) or 3-phase WLTP test only (01 and 03 series), amend Annex B4 para. 6.2.1. and 6.2.4. regarding facility approval duration and validation, and modify Annex B8 para. 1.4., 3.4.1., and 4.1.2. to specify applicability to Level 1B or 3-phase WLTP test and adjust vehicle classification and testing requirements accordingly.

Proposal to amend Annex A1 points 3.2.12.2.10.2. to 3.2.12.2.10.5. to clarify that information on periodically regenerating systems is not applicable when a Declaration of Compliance for Regeneration Requirements is used, amend Annex A1 points 3.2.20.2.5. to 3.2.20.2.7.1. to clarify that information on heat storage and Ambient Temperature Correction Test is not applicable when a Declaration of Compliance for the ATCT is used, amend Annex A1 points 9.10.5., 9.10.5.5., 9.10.5.6. and 9.10.5.7. to limit applicability of heating system information to vehicles subject to Annex B10, and add explanatory notes (t), (u), and (v).

Proposal to amend para. 6.7.2.2. of Annex B4 to clarify the use of aerodynamic force values for body components and optional equipment, amend para. 3.2.3.2.2.3. of Annex B7 to update terminology from optional equipment to body components and/or optional equipment and to expand the alternative method to Level 1B, and amend para. 3.2.3.2.2.3.2.1. to require manufacturers to declare identifying information for simulation software and calculation conditions to be documented in test reports and agreed with the responsible authority.

Proposal to amend para. 6.2.4. of Annex B4 to separate force measurement accuracy verification from other measurements taken at three-monthly intervals, requiring force measurement accuracy to be verified upon initial installation, after major maintenance and within 370 days before testing, and to require that each combination of wind speeds used for road load determination be validated separately.

Proposal to amend para. A.1.3.2.1. to modify the PEMS consistency check of exhaust mass flow and gas concentrations for fuels with a molar carbon to hydrogen ratio of 0. For such fuels, the formula in para. 8.4.1.6. of Annex 4 shall be used instead, with Equations 30 and 31 applied for Type 1A dual-fuel hydrogen engines. The verification shall not apply to engines operated on non-carbon fuels or dual-fuel engines when operated in dual-fuel mode with at least one fuel having a molar carbon to hydrogen ratio of 0.

A presentation on industrial retrofit as a transition solution for decarbonizing the existing vehicle fleet. Industrial solutions are available and scaling up, but lack of harmonized regulatory requirements is hindering deployment. Differences in national regulatory frameworks directly affect retrofit sector development across countries. Testing at vehicle level is necessary to account for retrofit system impacts. A forthcoming UNECE Regulation should provide a clear approval framework, establish a streamlined approval process, and ensure mutual recognition of approvals granted by Contracting Parties.

Proposal to introduce UBE_certified in the templates for the information document and WLTP test report under Annex A1 to UN R154. The proposal requests clarification on the number of significant figures for Usable Battery Energy of the vehicle at certification in the information document and seeks confirmation that the test result needs to be within 2 per cent of the declared value in the WLTP test report.

Proposal to:

• Insert a new para. 4 and 5 to the introduction of the 02 series and para. 5 and 6 to the introduction of the 03 series clarifying that the 03 series includes harmonised procedures and that amendments account for vehicles of categories X and Y equipped with Automated Driving Systems,
• Amend para. 2.1. to add ADS to general abbreviations,
• Amend para. 3.2.5., 3.2.31., 3.2.37., 3.5.8., 3.5.9., and 3.5.12. to include vehicle user terminology,
• Insert new para. 3.5.13. to 3.5.16. defining ADS road load determination mode, ADS testing mode, ADS user, and vehicle user,
• Amend para. 3.10.1., 3.10.4., and 3.10.20. concerning On-Board Diagnostic systems and malfunction indication to reference vehicle users and ADS,
• Insert footnote definitions referencing ECE/TRANS/WP.29/2026/153,
• Amend multiple paragraphs throughout Annexes A1, B4, B6, B8, C3, C4, and C5 to accommodate ADS operation,
• Insert new para. 4.2.1.8.6. to Annex B4 specifying ADS road load determination mode requirements for vehicles of categories X and Y,
• Insert new para. 2.4.2.7. to Annex B6 specifying ADS testing mode functional requirements,
• Amend various provisions concerning driver-selectable modes, reagent warning and inducement systems, and OBD monitoring to apply to vehicles equipped with ADS.

Status update on Euro 7 transposition into UN Regulations for light-duty and heavy-duty vehicles. LDV application dates: 29 November 2026 for new types and 29 November 2027 for all new vehicles, with implementing acts adopted by 29 May 2025. HDV application dates: 29 May 2028 for new types and 29 May 2029 for all new vehicles, with implementing acts adopted by 29 November 2026. Brake emissions application: 1 January 2030 (LDV second phase) and 1 January 2030–1 January 2035 (HDV phases). Tyre abrasion under UN Regulation No. 186: 1 July 2028 (C1 class) and 1 April 2030–1 April 2032 (C2–C3 classes).

Updates on inclusion of GRPE Regulations in Regulation 0 (IWVTA): Regulations 85 and 154 currently required for U-IWVTA; Series 09 of Regulation 0 will update R-154 to the 04 series at November 2026 WP-29 session. Questions raised regarding immediate inclusion of Regulations 177, 179, and 180, with Japan noting non-application of R-179 and R-180. IWVTA and DETA workshop held June 2026 in Flensburg, Germany, with growing Asian interest. Discussion of requirement for Level 2 approval to Regulation 154 for universal approval to Regulation 0, while many Contracting Parties require only lesser levels or previous series compliance. Brake particle emissions regulation will require Type Approval information release via TAA.

Proposal to expand the CFD alternative method to Level 1B and parts changed in minor model changes, with examples of applicable aerodynamic components that may change with MMC in the scope of the CFD alternative method.

Proposal to amend UN R49 to approve the use of hydrogen dual-fuel as a fuel in type approval of emissions for heavy-duty vehicles. The amendments introduce new requirements for measuring instruments such as FT-IR and QCL-IR, add symbols and specifications for hydrogen-fuelled engines specifying that only Type 1A hydrogen fuel is applicable, amend emission calculation formulas for ETC/ESC and WHDC test procedures, add new HO direct measurement methods for NOx wet correction calculation, and add declaration formats for FT-IR and QCL-IR approval.

Proposal to insert new definitions for ‘Instrument manufacturer’ and ‘Type of analyzer’, add symbols and abbreviations for hydrogen, water, ammonia, nitrogen dioxide, oxygen and particulates, add abbreviations for flame ionisation detector, Fourier transform infrared analyser, non-methane cutter and quantum cascade laser mid-infrared detection, amend provisions for hydrogen Type 1A dual fuel engines, modify fuel temperature requirements, insert procedures for water measurement using QCL-IR and FTIR analysers, add FTIR and QCL-IR analyser requirements and interference verification procedures, insert protocols and certificates for FTIR and QCL-IR analyser assessment, add fuel types including hydrogen, modify measurement procedures for dual-fuel hydrogen engines, and update related calculation methods and specifications throughout Annexes 4A, 4B and 11.

Proposal to amend para. 3.5.1. to include dual-fuel engines of Type 1A with hydrogen as gaseous fuel, amend para. 4.12.3.3.7. to establish a series of digits identifying dual-fuel engine types in the approval mark, insert new definitions for ‘Instrument manufacturer’ and ‘Type of analyzer’ in Annex 4 para. 3.1., insert new symbols and abbreviations in Annex 4 paras. 3.4. and 3.5., amend paras. 7.6.6., 7.7.4., and 8.1.1. to accommodate H₂O measurement and hydrogen engine calculations, amend para. 8.4.2.1., amend para. 8.6.2. to exclude CH₄ calculation when measured by FTIR or QCL-IR, amend para. 9.3.1.8. regarding gas drying, amend para. 9.3.2. to introduce FTIR and QCL-IR analyzers for CO, CO₂, CH₄, and NOx measurement with specifications in paras. 9.3.2.8. and 9.3.2.9., insert new para. 9.3.2.10. for independent analyzer assessment, amend para. 9.3.9. and para. 9.3.9.2.2. regarding interference effects and water quench checks, insert new paras. 9.3.9.5. and 9.3.9.6. for FTIR and QCL-IR interference checks, amend Annex 4 Appendix 2 para. A.2.1.2., amend Annex 4 Appendix 5 para. A.5.2., insert new Annex 4 Appendix 9 establishing procedure for H₂O measurement, insert new Annex 4 Appendix 10 for FTIR and QCL-IR analyzer assessment protocol, insert new Annex 4 Appendix 11 establishing model certificate for analyzer assessment, amend Annex 8 Appendix 1 paras. A.1.1., A.1.2.2., A.1.3.2.1., A.1.4.1., and A.1.4.3. for Type 1A hydrogen dual-fuel engines, amend Annex 15 paras. 4.2.2.3., 6.1., 10.3., and Appendix 4 paras. A.4.3.1., A.4.4.1.1., A.4.4.3.1., and A.4.4.3.3.

Status report on the EV Fast & Smart Charging cluster’s progress on two main activities: developing the Fast Charge Power Curve (FCPC), a resolution for a test procedure and KPIs, with eight open points requiring validation and verification; and developing a global roadmap on smart and bidirectional charging, which is finalised and to be published as a UN publication in Q1 2027. The cluster’s mandate has been extended for one year to October 2027 to continue validations, resolve open points, and investigate future work including review clauses and a fast charging performance test for heavy-duty vehicles.

Proposal to amend and enhance the procedure for laboratory measurement of brake emissions for light-duty vehicles. The document provides comprehensive technical specifications covering scope and application for vehicles of categories M₁ and N₁, detailed abbreviations and symbols for measurement parameters, definitions of vehicle types and brake systems, application and approval procedures, conformity of production requirements with statistical evaluation procedures, and penalty provisions for non-conformity. Testing procedures include three sections: cooling air adjustment, brake bedding, and brake emissions measurement, all executed using the WLTP-Brake cycle comprising ten trips and 303 brake deceleration events. CoP verification shall be performed once every 12 months with samples from each brake corner emission family, evaluated according to decision charts specified in the regulation.

Proposal to amend UN Regulation No. 179 to include testing of vehicles with limited speed. The document specifies amendments to the laboratory measurement of brake emissions for light-duty vehicles, including provisions for vehicles with a maximum speed lower than the maximum speed of the Base cycle. These vehicles may be part of the same brake corner emissions family as vehicles suitable for the Base cycle, with their emission factor calculated based on the parent family’s reference PM and PN emissions according to equations 7.1, 7.2 and 7.3. At the manufacturer’s request and with approval authority agreement, such limited-speed vehicles may be assigned to a specific family using the adjusted cycle described in Appendix 3 of Annex 4, with the same changes to be applied to UN GTR No. 24.

Proposal to establish a globally harmonised laboratory methodology for measuring brake particulate matter (PM) and particle number (PN) emissions from heavy-duty vehicles, including trucks and buses, using a Worldwide Harmonized Heavy Duty Vehicles Brake Cycle (WHBC) and brake dynamometer testing. The GTR specifies test system requirements, including brake enclosure design, sampling tunnel specifications, climatic conditioning with cooling air temperature maintained at 23°C±2°C and relative humidity at 50%±5%, cooling airflow at 2500 Nm/h±5%, test preparation procedures, brake bedding with six repetitions of the WHBC followed by emissions measurement during one WHBC cycle, requirements for PM10, PM2.5, TPN10, and SPN10 measurement systems, brake temperature measurement using embedded thermocouples, calibration and validation procedures, and reporting of emission factors. The regulation applies to vehicles of categories M₂, M₃, N₂, N₃ [and O₃, O₄] with friction braking systems.

Final status report on development of a new UN GTR for laboratory measurement of brake particle matter (PM) and particle number (PN) emissions from heavy-duty vehicles. The GTR introduces brake emissions groups based on fundamental design and performance characteristics, defines brake group nominal test parameters by disc or drum diameter, establishes friction braking share coefficients with c-factor = 1 for full-friction braking, specifies required test input parameters including brake system type and filtering systems, prescribes the Worldwide Harmonized Heavy-Duty Brake Cycle (WHBC) comprising 246 brake events over 5:39 hours across urban, rural, and motorway segments, defines PM and PN measurement methodologies using gravimetrical and particle number counter methods, specifies hardware requirements including brake dynamometer, enclosure dimensions of 1950 mm length × 1000 mm height × 700 mm depth with divider plate, sampling tunnel with 300 mm fixed inner diameter, and brake temperature measurement by embedded thermocouples, and includes results of preliminary interlaboratory study.

Proposal to establish a UN Regulation for laboratory measurement of brake particle emissions from vehicles of categories M₂, M₃, N₂ and N₃ using friction braking systems. The regulation specifies test procedures including brake bedding and brake emissions measurement using the Worldwide Harmonized Heavy Duty Vehicles Brake Cycle, defines brake emissions groups and representative configurations for testing, establishes emission limits by vehicle category and powertrain technology (though limits marked as ‘not yet specified’ in the provided draft), requires conformity of production testing with statistical verification procedures, and sets technical requirements for brake dynamometer systems, brake enclosure design, sampling tunnels, cooling air conditioning, particulate matter and particle number measurement systems, and data acquisition.

Proposal to establish uniform provisions for approval of non-original replacement and identical brake pads, drum brake linings, brake discs, and brake drums for vehicles of category M₁, N₁, and N₂ between 3.5 and 5 tonnes maximum mass. The regulation applies brake emission testing procedures and particle emission limits by vehicle category and powertrain technology, with PM10 limits ranging from 3 mg/km for PEV vehicles of categories M₁ and N₁ to 11 mg/km for N₁ Class III and N₂ vehicles. Brake parts must be assigned to families based on characteristics including calliper type, axle location, friction material formulation, disc or drum material, brake disc surface form, pad surface area, and drum diameter. Approval requires testing of a family parent brake assembly and includes conformity of production requirements with annual sampling and statistical verification procedures.

Explanatory document on proposed amendments to UN R168 to enable real driving emissions testing of hydrogen internal combustion engine vehicles. The work-based approach replaces the CO-based moving averaging window methodology currently inapplicable to hydrogen-fuelled vehicles. Engine speed and torque data replace carbon monoxide to define window size and calculate the RDE/WLTP work ratio. Testing of a light commercial vehicle demonstrates the methodology’s practical applicability under regular and severe driving conditions, with results processed through independent post-processing tools.

The A-LCA IWG has decided not to submit a Working Document due to inability to reach agreement on outstanding issues. The IWG requests GRPE review and acceptance of revised Terms of Reference reflecting a shift toward information and technical exchange rather than developing a Resolution. Key unresolved contradictive issues include definitions, system boundaries, chain of custody, electricity modelling, prospective energy modelling, use stage provisions, deterioration factors, methane leakage, and methodologies for component replacements. Future activities will shift to information exchange with reduced meeting frequency pending establishment of a clear timeline for developing A-LCA methodology.

Terms of reference for the IWG on A-LCA, which will develop an internationally harmonised procedure to determine the carbon footprint of automotive products across their life cycle from production to use and disposal. Working items include defining scope according to ISO 14040, conducting inventory analysis, and defining the format and minimum contents of the A-LCA report. The IWG mandate ends in December 2026, with possible adoption of the resolution by WP.29 in November 2026. The group is open to all experts from any country or organisation of WP.29, chaired by Japan and Republic of Korea, with technical secretaries from OICA, E-Mobility Europe, and Japan.

Report on the 95th GRPE session presenting progress updates for UN GTR No. 21 (Determination of Electrified Vehicle Power), UN GTR No. 22 (In-vehicle Battery Durability for Electrified Light-Duty Vehicles), and UN GTR No. 25 (In-vehicle Battery Durability for Electrified Heavy-Duty Vehicles). The IWG on EVE reported on Phase 4 objectives and amendments for GTR 21 and 22, with consideration targets of March 2028, and Phase 3 amendments for GTR 25 with consideration target of March 2027. Future work includes investigations into charging power curves, development of a new WP.29 resolution on DC Fast Charge Power Curve performance, and an inventory on harmonization of recharging capabilities.

Proposal to amend UN GTR No. 25 by modifying requirements for State-of-Certified Energy (SOCE) monitors, battery performance requirements, in-use verification procedures for Parts A, B, and C, and related test procedures and annexes. The GTR establishes harmonised methods to determine in-vehicle battery durability performance of Heavy-Duty Pure Electric Vehicles (HD-PEVs) and Heavy-Duty Off-Vehicle Charging Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HD-OVC-HEVs) of categories 1-2 and 2 exceeding 3,855 kg technically permissible maximum laden mass. The document includes tracked changes to Amendment 1 (WP.29/2026/209), with sections subject to discussion or decision indicated in square brackets and strikethrough text denoting proposed deletions.

Proposal to amend para. 1.1.3. of Annex C1 to clarify that the method for customer values shall be determined in agreement with the authorities only in the case that the specified methods are not applied, and amend paras. 2.1.2. and 3.1.2. of Annex C1 Appendix 2 to correct the technical error in the determination of UBEcertified by specifying that UBEcertified shall be rounded to the nearest whole number if the unit is Wh or to three significant numbers if the unit is kWh, and when the interpolation method is applied, UBEcertified shall be determined by selecting the maximum amongst vehicle H and vehicle L, and if applicable, vehicle M.

Proposal to amend para. 3.1.2. of Annex 5 to clarify the verification procedure for SOCR/SOCE monitors by specifying that electric range and UBE values shall be measured at the time of verification with related monitor values collected before and after the verification test procedure, that indicator values collected after the verification test procedure shall not be considered in Part A verification, and that measured SOCR and measured SOCE values shall be determined by dividing measured values for electric range and UBE by certified values for electric range and UBE respectively, expressed in per cent.

Proposal to add para. 8.1.2. to specify required measurements for test vehicles, including use of onboard measurement data as an alternative to measurement devices for engine speed, intake manifold pressure, and fuel flow rate when accuracy and frequency meet minimum requirements, and to add para. 8.1.2.1. to specify measurements specific to TP1 including electrical current and voltage at REESS or inverter inputs and ICE speed, intake manifold pressure, and fuel flow rate.

Proposal to amend UN GTR No. 24 by modifying test procedures, definitions, and requirements for brake particle emissions measurement. The amendment introduces improvements including revised definitions (vehicle electrification type, material formulation, pad size), updated measurement tolerances and signal filtering requirements, provisions for brake filtering systems, enhanced specifications for drum and electromechanical brake systems, relaxed cooling airflow adjustment requirements, and a new test cycle for speed-limited vehicles. Documentation of calibration requirements and ongoing quality controls are clarified throughout.

The document authorizes development of a new UN GTR on brake PM and PN emissions from all types of light-duty vehicle brake systems, including validation of the developed novel WLTP-Brake test cycle, investigation and selection of instrumentation and sampling methodology for brake wear particles, definition of minimum requirements for sampling, validation through interlaboratory study, inclusion of regenerative braking, and preparation of the PMP Brake protocol. It also reports on Amendment 2 to UN GTR No. 24 covering laboratory measurement of brake emissions for light-duty vehicles, detailing hardware requirements, test cycle specifications, cooling air conditioning, bedding procedures, and emissions measurement methodologies for particulate matter and particle number.

Status report on the EV/HFCV Retrofit Systems IWG activities. The group held six meetings since the last GRPE session and is currently focused on the EV part, with HFCV-specific issues deferred to a future series of amendments. Key discussion items include scope definition with agreement to exclude vehicles holding approvals according to UN R155 and UN R156, definition of Electric Powertrain Retrofit System, vehicle family notion, and type of EPRS. Experts from different GRs participate in discussions on electrical safety, EMC, braking, cybersecurity, and power determination. Benchmarking of existing national requirements for EV retrofit activities is ongoing. Regulation drafting continues on scope and type definition, with demonstrations of retrofitted vehicles expected at the 200th WP.29 session in November 2026.

Draft UN Regulation establishing uniform provisions for type approval of electric powertrain retrofit systems (EPRS) for converting vehicles of categories M₁–M₃ and N₁–N₃ to full electric propulsion. Specifies approval procedures, application documentation, marking requirements, and technical specifications. Requires compliance with applicable UN Regulations including UN R10, UN R13, UN R100, and others depending on vehicle modifications. Defines roles of EPRS manufacturers and authorized installers. Includes transitional provisions for rechargeable energy storage system compliance: compliance with UN R100.03 required from entry into force to 31 August 2029, UN R100.05 from 1 September 2029. Covers conformity of production, modification and extension of approvals, and withdrawal procedures.

Report on the Task Force on Tyre Abrasion’s work from February to October 2026. Foundational methodologies for C1 tyres were adopted and incorporated into a new UN Regulation 186 on tyre abrasion, with a two-stage implementation approach requiring new tyre type approvals from 30 June 2028 and mandatory approval from 30 June 2030, with fitting of pre-June 2030 tyres on vehicles permitted until 30 June 2032, and stage 2 introducing tighter limits with new approvals from 30 June 2033 and mandatory approval from 30 June 2035. C2 test method development is ongoing with an informal document presentation targeting February 2027 submission of a formal working document. For C3 tyres, a brainstorming session was planned for October 2026 in Brussels to develop simplified test methods before physical testing, focusing initially on long-haul and regional 22.5-inch tyres.

Progress report on Particular Matter Pollutants (PMP) Informal Working Group activities for GRPE-95. Updates on proposals for a new Supplement to UN R179, a new UN Regulation on brake replacement parts, additions to GTR 24 for light-duty vehicles with limited speed, a new GTR for heavy-duty brakes, and a new UN Regulation for heavy-duty vehicle brakes. Reports on ongoing inter-laboratory studies for calibration procedures and brake emissions testing. Discusses technical developments in brake testing facilities, electromechanical brakes, and conformity of production procedures.

Report on the Task Force Automated Vehicles Regulation Screening activities for the 95th session of GRPE. The task force has completed its mandate to screen regulations for application of automated vehicles. It reviewed amendments to UN R154 for categories X, Y and dual modes, applied existing testing methods and emission legislation frameworks, and identified issues regarding energy consumption of automated vehicles and consistency in accounting for complex system energy consumption. The task force recommends discontinuation as its mandate has ended and it lacks authority to modify existing testing methods and requirements.

The document addresses accuracy calculation procedures in UN R154.04 Appendix 5, paragraph 4.2, which compares type-approval values from the mains with values at the vehicle interface for energy-related parameters of plug-in electric vehicles and other vehicles. It notes that losses of electric vehicle supply equipment and measurement uncertainties of external devices used to measure voltage and current are not considered in the accuracy calculation. OICA is developing a proposal to address both topics for submission to the 96th GRPE session.

Status report on the Informal Working Group on Environmental and Propulsion Performance Requirements for L-Category Vehicles. The group has held four meetings since the previous session. A Task Force has been established to transpose the 03 series of amendments to UN Regulation No. 40 from UN-GTR No. 2, co-chaired by Japan and Malaysia. The first Task Force meeting was convened on 9 October with participation from ASEAN countries, Ghana, and others. Future meetings are scheduled through June 2027. No concrete proposals have been advanced on other agenda items.

The Task Force on Swappable Battery shall review WP.29 regulations and identify technical requirements necessary for swappable-battery vehicles intended for mass production, compile them into a list, define vehicle types for swappable-battery-compatible vehicles, identify applicable regulations, clarify the process for handling such vehicles and batteries as a special type of Vehicle Type Approval under WP.29, discuss treating batteries as independent type approval units for both swappable and in-vehicle batteries, coordinate activities with EVS Phase 3 scheduled to start in November 2026, cooperate with EVE IWG activities, and develop a guidance document to be proposed to WP.29 to initiate regulatory work. Terms of Reference will be finalized and proposed to GRPE in April 2027, and status of other items will be reported in October 2027.

Document presents preparation for a Task Force on swappable batteries under GRPE. It outlines considerations of sustainability from environmental and customer acceptability perspectives, identifies issues requiring regulatory framework including vehicle and battery approval processes, safety requirements for swapping operations, performance and durability standards, cyber security measures, and compatibility checking. A two-step approach is proposed: identifying work items and drafting Terms of Reference. The Task Force will review WP.29 regulations, identify technical requirements for swappable-battery vehicles, define vehicle types for type approval, and collaborate with other WP.29 bodies. Japan and China are initial Co-Chairs; other Contracting Parties are welcomed to join. Timeline spans October 2026 through May 2027 with discussions beginning at GRPE-95.

Proposal to amend Annex 5, para. 5. to define Part C: Verification of reported assessment of virtual distance, amend para. 5.1. to specify the verification procedure including measurement of total discharge energy and approval by the responsible authority, insert new sub-paras. 5.1.1. through 5.1.5. to establish environmental temperature requirements, initial State of Charge setting, discharging test specifications, test termination conditions, and verification test procedures with Table 4 steps, and amend para. 5.2. to establish pass/fail criteria based on comparison of reported delta virtual distance to measured virtual distance with a 5 per cent threshold and statistical decision procedures using Table 5.

Proposal to replace para. 9.3.2.1., replace paras. 9.3.2.8.1. and 9.3.2.9.1., amend paras. 9.3.9.2.2. and 9.3.9.6., and insert new Appendices 10 and 11. The replacements clarify measurement principles, specify that analyser assessment may be conducted by type-approval authorities, designated technical services, or metrological institutes preferably via witnessed testing at the instrument manufacturer premises, and provide protocols and certificate models for analyser assessment. Amendments to para. 9.3.9.2.2. permit alternative humidification techniques and clarify that test gas shall be humidified to a water concentration approximately equal to the maximum water concentration expected during emission testing for all fuels. Amendment to para. 9.3.9.6. specifies that spectral resolution shall have a nominal value ≤0.5 cm⁻¹ to minimise cross interference.

Proposal to amend Annex 2 – Appendix 1 to add para. 1.4.1. specifying user-selectable mode(s) resulting in the lowest recuperation and relevant pre-test procedures for vehicles with a vehicle specific c-factor according to Annex 5, and to delete items not brake emission related including brake circuit configuration, secondary braking system declaration, brake valve specifications, master cylinder type and size, and booster type and size.