Proposal to amend GRPE/2026/29, establishing a globally harmonized laboratory methodology for measuring brake particulate matter (PM) and particle number (PN) emissions from heavy-duty vehicles of categories M₂, M₃, N₂, N₃, and O₃, O₄.

Proposal to amend GRPE/2026/31 revising the methodology for measuring brake particle emissions from light-duty vehicles.

Document presents an overview of brake force distributions (BFD) installed on light commercial vehicles (LCV) across different OEM applications and vehicle categories, showing front axle and rear axle percentage distributions for vehicles of category N₁ and N₂ with various gross vehicle weights ranging from 3.5 to 5.5 tonnes.

The A-LCA IWG proposes to enter an Information/Technical Exchange phase following the 95th GRPE session, with activities including reference to currently available methodologies, maintenance of the compile document, study of methodologies to check linearity of GHG emissions against vehicle maths in the same LCA family, and any other items proposed by members. The IWG will report status during every GRPE session. Phase 2 is planned from October 2026 to April 2027, with a request for extension of one year once GRPE recognises a clear time schedule for A-LCA methodology development.

Proposal to amend GRPE/2026/53, establishing a new UN Regulation transposing UN GTR No. 24 for the approval of non-original and identical replacement brake parts (pads, linings, discs, drums) for vehicles of categories M₁, N₁, and N₂ with maximum mass between 3.5 and 5 tonnes.

Progress report on the Task Force on Tyre Abrasion covering February to October 2026. Work on UN Regulation on tyre abrasion for C1 tyres has concluded, with new UN R186 adopted at WP.29’s 199th session in June 2026, implementing a two-stage approach with initial application from 30 June 2028 and increased stringency from 30 June 2033. C2 test method development is ongoing with formal working document postponed to February 2027; C3 tyre work commenced with brainstorming session in October 2026 targeting working document in February 2027. The Task Force proposes conversion to an Informal Working Group.

Document presents preliminary views on minimum performance requirements for in-vehicle battery durability under Euro 7 heavy-duty vehicle standards. It outlines implementation timeline for the OMNIBUS proposal in first and second phases, with application dates of 1 January 2030 for the first phase and 1 January 2035 for the second phase. Brake emissions and tyre abrasion requirements are addressed, including UN Regulation No. 186 application dates for C2 and C3 class tyres. Reporting and review provisions under Article 18 are included. The document notes that the order of items and timeline indications are preliminary and for discussion purposes only.

Proposal to modify test procedures for the Alternative Method using heavy-duty chassis dynamometer to determine Usable Battery Energy (UBE) and battery durability requirements for electrified heavy-duty vehicles. Changes include specifications for dynamometer settings, test room conditions, cooling fan requirements, driver breaks, battery preparation and pre-conditioning, soak and charge procedures, discharge test cycles for both plug-in electric vehicles (HD-PEVs) and optimized charge-sustaining hybrid electric vehicles (HD-OVC-HEVs), test termination criteria, and measurement device requirements. The document provides test procedures, tables for driver break allowances based on distance and driving time, and detailed formulas for calculating battery energy changes and break-off criteria.

Proposal to amend and enhance the procedure for laboratory measurement of brake emissions for light-duty vehicles. The document provides comprehensive technical specifications covering scope and application for vehicles of categories M₁ and N₁, detailed abbreviations and symbols for measurement parameters, definitions of vehicle types and brake systems, application and approval procedures, conformity of production requirements with statistical evaluation procedures, and penalty provisions for non-conformity. Testing procedures include three sections: cooling air adjustment, brake bedding, and brake emissions measurement, all executed using the WLTP-Brake cycle comprising ten trips and 303 brake deceleration events. CoP verification shall be performed once every 12 months with samples from each brake corner emission family, evaluated according to decision charts specified in the regulation.

Proposal to amend UN Regulation No. 179 to include testing of vehicles with limited speed. The document specifies amendments to the laboratory measurement of brake emissions for light-duty vehicles, including provisions for vehicles with a maximum speed lower than the maximum speed of the Base cycle. These vehicles may be part of the same brake corner emissions family as vehicles suitable for the Base cycle, with their emission factor calculated based on the parent family’s reference PM and PN emissions according to equations 7.1, 7.2 and 7.3. At the manufacturer’s request and with approval authority agreement, such limited-speed vehicles may be assigned to a specific family using the adjusted cycle described in Appendix 3 of Annex 4, with the same changes to be applied to UN GTR No. 24.

Status update on Euro 7 implementation for light-duty and heavy-duty vehicles. For LDV (M₁, N₁), application begins 30 months after Euro 7 entry into force for new types (29 November 2026) and 42 months for all new vehicles (29 November 2027). For HDV (M₂, M₃, N₂, N₃, O₃, O₄), application begins 48 months after entry into force for new types (29 May 2028) and 60 months for all new vehicles (29 May 2029). Small Volume Manufacturers comply from 1 July 2030 (M₁, N₁) and 1 July 2031 (M₂, M₃, N₂, N₃). Brake emissions apply 1 January 2030 for LDV and 1 January 2030–1 January 2035 for HDV. Tyre abrasion (UN R186) applies 1 July 2028 for C1 class tyres, 1 April 2030 for C2 class, and 1 April 2032 for C3 class.

The first task force session confirmed the scope of work, organization structure, and timelines for developing UN R40.03 to transpose Euro 4-level requirements from UN GTR No. 2 into UN Regulation No. 40 and to ensure administrative provisions necessary for mutual recognition and type approval. The Task Force agreed to use IMMA proposal EPPR-73-02 as the technical baseline, identified provisions already aligned with GTR No. 2 and those requiring revision, and established a working method for future discussions. TF-02 is proposed for 24 November 2026 and will examine the main text from paragraph 1 through paragraph 12, including Appendix 2.

Status report on the Informal Working Group on Environmental and Propulsion Performance Requirements for L-Category Vehicles. The IWG-EPPR has established a Task Force to transpose UN-GTR No. 2 into the 03 series of amendments to UN Regulation No. 40, co-chaired by Japan and Malaysia with JASIC and IMMA as co-secretaries. The Task Force held its first meeting on 9 October with participation from ASEAN countries, Ghana, and others, and agreed on workplan and rules of procedure. Target dates for deliverables are April 2027 and October 2027.

Proposal to amend UN R49 to approve the use of hydrogen dual-fuel as a fuel in type approval of emissions for heavy-duty vehicles. The amendments introduce new requirements for measuring instruments such as FT-IR and QCL-IR, add symbols and specifications for hydrogen-fuelled engines specifying that only Type 1A hydrogen fuel is applicable, amend emission calculation formulas for ETC/ESC and WHDC test procedures, add new HO direct measurement methods for NOx wet correction calculation, and add declaration formats for FT-IR and QCL-IR approval.

Proposal to insert new definitions for ‘Instrument manufacturer’ and ‘Type of analyzer’, add symbols and abbreviations for hydrogen, water, ammonia, nitrogen dioxide, oxygen and particulates, add abbreviations for flame ionisation detector, Fourier transform infrared analyser, non-methane cutter and quantum cascade laser mid-infrared detection, amend provisions for hydrogen Type 1A dual fuel engines, modify fuel temperature requirements, insert procedures for water measurement using QCL-IR and FTIR analysers, add FTIR and QCL-IR analyser requirements and interference verification procedures, insert protocols and certificates for FTIR and QCL-IR analyser assessment, add fuel types including hydrogen, modify measurement procedures for dual-fuel hydrogen engines, and update related calculation methods and specifications throughout Annexes 4A, 4B and 11.

Proposal to amend para. 3.5.1. to include dual-fuel engines of Type 1A with hydrogen as gaseous fuel, amend para. 4.12.3.3.7. to establish a series of digits identifying dual-fuel engine types in the approval mark, insert new definitions for ‘Instrument manufacturer’ and ‘Type of analyzer’ in Annex 4 para. 3.1., insert new symbols and abbreviations in Annex 4 paras. 3.4. and 3.5., amend paras. 7.6.6., 7.7.4., and 8.1.1. to accommodate H₂O measurement and hydrogen engine calculations, amend para. 8.4.2.1., amend para. 8.6.2. to exclude CH₄ calculation when measured by FTIR or QCL-IR, amend para. 9.3.1.8. regarding gas drying, amend para. 9.3.2. to introduce FTIR and QCL-IR analyzers for CO, CO₂, CH₄, and NOx measurement with specifications in paras. 9.3.2.8. and 9.3.2.9., insert new para. 9.3.2.10. for independent analyzer assessment, amend para. 9.3.9. and para. 9.3.9.2.2. regarding interference effects and water quench checks, insert new paras. 9.3.9.5. and 9.3.9.6. for FTIR and QCL-IR interference checks, amend Annex 4 Appendix 2 para. A.2.1.2., amend Annex 4 Appendix 5 para. A.5.2., insert new Annex 4 Appendix 9 establishing procedure for H₂O measurement, insert new Annex 4 Appendix 10 for FTIR and QCL-IR analyzer assessment protocol, insert new Annex 4 Appendix 11 establishing model certificate for analyzer assessment, amend Annex 8 Appendix 1 paras. A.1.1., A.1.2.2., A.1.3.2.1., A.1.4.1., and A.1.4.3. for Type 1A hydrogen dual-fuel engines, amend Annex 15 paras. 4.2.2.3., 6.1., 10.3., and Appendix 4 paras. A.4.3.1., A.4.4.1.1., A.4.4.3.1., and A.4.4.3.3.

Status report on the EV Fast & Smart Charging cluster’s progress on two main activities: developing the Fast Charge Power Curve (FCPC), a resolution for a test procedure and KPIs, with eight open points requiring validation and verification; and developing a global roadmap on smart and bidirectional charging, which is finalised and to be published as a UN publication in Q1 2027. The cluster’s mandate has been extended for one year to October 2027 to continue validations, resolve open points, and investigate future work including review clauses and a fast charging performance test for heavy-duty vehicles.

Field test of on-board diagnostics (OBD) use during periodic emission testing for Euro 5+ motorcycles. Fifty-three Euro 5+ motorcycles were tested to examine feasibility and practicability of OBD-based inspection procedures. All motorcycles had 6-pin or 16-pin connectors. Challenges included locating OBD ports, accessing them with mechanical tools, engine coolant temperature readouts for oil/air-cooled motors, revving to 2500 rpm on some scooters, and measuring lambda with short exhaust systems. OBD information improves periodic technical inspection reliability for Euro 5+ motorcycles.

Proposal to expand the CFD alternative method to Level 1B and parts changed in minor model changes, with examples of applicable aerodynamic components that may change with MMC in the scope of the CFD alternative method.

Round Robin exercise 2 evaluated detection efficiency and calibration variability of condensation particle counters (CPCs) at 23 nm and 10 nm across eight laboratories using multiple calibration materials including emery oil, soot, silver, and graphite particles. Measured variability was better than 5% at plateau and around 5% at 23 nm. Material differences from soot at 23 nm ranged from −0.04 to 0.41 units depending on the particle type. Preliminary recommendations include continuing with emery oil for continuity, applying generator/CPC type-specific correlation factors determined by manufacturers when different materials are used, and conducting annual validations with the same material.

Phase 2 of the DfT Brake and Tyre Programme investigated variables affecting particle emissions from brake and tyre wear. Testing compared three vehicles on the same Golf VII platform (ICE, PHEV, EV) at different masses using controlled chassis dynamometer cycles. Results showed regenerative braking in EV and PHEV reduced PM2.5 more effectively than a ~20% mass reduction, while PN10 emissions remained similar across vehicle types and were insensitive to mass or regenerative braking. Testing of brake pad and disc variants found ceramic and low-dust pads gave lowest emissions, while high-mileage pads reduced PM2.5 but not PN10. PM2.5 and PN10 appear governed by different mechanisms, with volatile chemistry of brake pads being critical for PM2.5 emissions.

Proposal to establish a UN Regulation for laboratory measurement of brake particle emissions from vehicles of categories M₂, M₃, N₂ and N₃ using friction braking systems. The regulation specifies test procedures including brake bedding and brake emissions measurement using the Worldwide Harmonized Heavy Duty Vehicles Brake Cycle, defines brake emissions groups and representative configurations for testing, establishes emission limits by vehicle category and powertrain technology (though limits marked as ‘not yet specified’ in the provided draft), requires conformity of production testing with statistical verification procedures, and sets technical requirements for brake dynamometer systems, brake enclosure design, sampling tunnels, cooling air conditioning, particulate matter and particle number measurement systems, and data acquisition.

Proposal to add para. 8.1.2. to specify required measurements for the test vehicle including onboard measurement data permissibility and minimum requirements, and add para. 8.1.2.1. to specify measurements specific to TP1 including electrical current and voltage at REESS or inverter inputs, ICE speed, intake manifold pressure, and fuel flow rate, and DC/DC converter measurement options. The amendments ensure consistency with other paragraphs in the regulation such as para. 6.9.2.1. and Annex 1, Appendix 2, 9.1.1.

This handbook provides testing and reporting procedures for the Third Inter-laboratory Study Phase 2, focusing on front brake testing for a Ford Puma vehicle per GTR No. 24. Testing comprises three emission cycles (Steps B and C with samples M₁ and M₂) followed by a fourth WLTP-Brake cycle (Step D) at 975 m³/h ± 10% airflow. Data must be reported using EBF, TBF, and MMF templates with specified formats and calculations. Post-test parts mass measurement occurs only after Step D completion. All values must be submitted as numerical values without formulae, with pre-test and post-test weighing procedures requiring buoyancy correction per GTR 24 specifications.