Proposal to replace “multiple separate light sources” with “multiple light sources” in the provision governing rear position lamps reciprocally incorporated with stop lamps.

Proposal to editorially correct approved proposal GRE/2024/21/Rev.1 and WP.29/2025/112. Editorial corrections amend paragraph 1 to include reversing projectors and direction indicator projectors in scope. New paragraph 3.1.2.10 requires drawings showing relative position of direction indicator projector and lamp. Tables 1 and 2 are amended to add reversing projector and direction indicator projector entries.

The agenda includes corrections to UN R150-01, baseline documents for UN R53, R74, R86, and R48, simplification of paragraphs 6.×.4 and 6.×.5, transitional provisions, harmonisation of requirements, apparent surface considerations, and direction indicator visibility improvements. The next meetings are scheduled for June and December 2026, with a potential September 2026 session in Tokyo.

This document addresses rear direction-indicator lamps mounted at low positions on vehicles. Republic of Korea reports increased public petitions and media articles regarding visibility and recognition concerns, particularly in congested traffic and for vehicles with higher driver seating positions like SUVs. UN Regulation No. 48 specifies direction-indicator lamp height requirements: not less than 350 mm and not more than 1,500 mm, or up to 2,100 mm under certain structural conditions. The presentation seeks feedback on similar issues from other countries and manufacturers.

Proposal to:

• Expand scope in paragraph 1. to include reversing projectors and direction indicator projectors
• Insert new paragraph 3.1.2.10. requiring drawings and measurement reports for direction indicator projectors tested with direction indicator lamps
• Amend Table 1 to add reversing projector, front direction indicator projector, and rear direction indicator projector entries
• Amend Table 2 to add corresponding change index entries
• Insert new paragraph 5.13. establishing luminous intensity requirements and specifications for direction indicator projectors
• Amend Annex 1 initial table to add reversing projector and direction indicator projector to lamp list
• Insert new item 9.1.8. in Annex 1 with communication form requirements for direction indicator projectors

A literature review on direction indicator visibility presents research on vehicle lighting design, visibility, and signalling. Sources include studies on overlapping and interlocking of lights, and dynamic evaluation of automobile rear lighting configurations.

The document analyzes separating direction indicators and stop lamps. It examines how drivers recognize lighting functions through visual perception and notes that irregular lamp shapes increase reaction time. The document states that “apparent surface”, currently defined only through manufacturer drawings, lacks perceptual grounding because it ignores luminance distribution and edge contrast. It recommends minimum lamp sizes and distances based on visual acuity, minimum luminance requirements, and a 3:1 luminance contrast between functions when spatially merged in one lamp.

OICA presents research findings on direction indicator perceptibility when stop lamps activate simultaneously. Key findings indicate that spatial separation between functions, increased direction indicator intensity, and relative signal dominance improve perception. Research shows stop lamp luminance can reduce direction indicator recognition, particularly in near-field viewing. OICA concludes that minimum size requirements proposed in the German proposal exceed available evidence and may create unintended consequences without demonstrated safety benefits.

Proposal to introduce a clarification of grouped markings and labels. Further details can be found in informal document GRE-94-07.

Proposal to clarify and modernize lamp installation and component requirements in UN R48 and UN R148:

• Remove the “band/strip” terminology and expand the definition of a pair of lamps to cover full-width designs
• Remove the three-device maximum for Y-lamps to ensure technology neutrality
• Add a new paragraph §5.5.5 defining a pair as a two-lamp system
• Relocate light source requirements from UN R48 to UN R148 §4.7.3 to ensure at least one light source per side
• Remove the 0.8-metre minimum length requirement
• Clarify that definitions in §2.4.10 apply only to the relevant vehicle categories
• Update provisions for light source positioning in UN R148
• Clarify §4.8.1.3 in UN R148
• Add new sampling provisions in §4.8.11 for testing band/strip lamps

Proposal to introduce selective yellow as an permitted alternative to white for front position lamps and daytime running lamps in UN R48 and UN R148. Studies confirm that selective yellow performs equally to white for oncoming vehicle recognition and speed estimation. Unlike historical filament lamp applications where a yellow filter reduced luminous intensity, modern LEDs achieve the same intensity levels without reduction. Specific amendments include: updating §5.15 to reflect selective yellow options and removing a duplicated front fog lamp requirement; amending §§6.9.7 and 6.19.7 to deactivate selective yellow position and daytime running lamps on the relevant side during direction indicator activation; and aligning UN R148 (01 series) by amending §§5.1.7, 5.4.7 and Annex 1 accordingly. The colour boundaries for selective yellow are already defined in §2.11.1.2 and require no amendment. Further details can be found in informal document GRE-94-05.

Proposal to correct an editorial error regarding the markings for light source control gear, to clarify the calculation method (i.e., rounding down to three digits) for the acceptance criteria in cases where tolerance limits are calculated, and to delete provisions concerning the Unique Identifier pursuant to the decision to change its application from “by default” to “if specified in the regulation”.

The document presents OICA data on rear direction indicator (DI) and stop signal visibility compliance. It evaluates various lamp configurations against UN R48 and UN R148 requirements, examining criteria including photometry areas outside 25mm from stop lamps, DI apparent surface size, separation distances, and intensity ratios. OICA proposes that compliance requirements are met when DI apparent surface equals or exceeds stop lamp surface, intensity exceeds stop lamp by 25% minimum, separation distance reaches 20mm minimum, or DI apparent surface equals or exceeds 30cm.

Proposal to amend UN R48 and UN R148 regarding direction indicator visibility when grouped with stop lamps. OICA proposes replacing Germany’s masking-based approach with objective, installation-level acceptance criteria: apparent surface area comparison, luminous intensity ratio at HV of at least 25% higher, or absolute apparent surface of 30 cm². Physical masking eliminates measurement uncertainty and improves test repeatability. Three alternative compliance routes provide flexibility without constraining designs.

Proposal introduces new requirements for direction indicators for trailers that may be towed by tractors

Proposal to introduce provisions enabling the approval of reversing light projections (projection of patterns on the road).

Proposal to correct an editorial error regarding the markings for light source control gear.

Proposal to clarify the calculation method (i.e., rounding down to three digits) for the acceptance criteria in cases where tolerance limits are calculated.

Proposal to improve the visibility of direction indicators. The proposal modifies UN R48 and UN R148 requirements for direction indicator lamps grouped with stop lamps. Key changes include: requiring 75% of the rear direction indicator’s apparent surface to be more than 25mm from the stop lamp; positioning direction indicators at specified distances from the vehicle’s outer edge; and establishing a minimum apparent surface area of 30cm² for rear direction indicators. The justification cites existing installations showing inadequate visibility and references luminance studies supporting the 30cm² minimum area requirement.

Proposal to introduce provisions enabling the approval of reversing light projections.

Proposal to delete the Unique Identifier (UI) marking provisions.

Proposal to delete provisions concerning the Unique Identifier pursuant to the decision to change its application from “by default” to “if specified in the regulation”.

Idea from Germany to simplify the lifetime requirements for non-replaceable light source(s) and non-replaceable light source module(s) given that the lifetime of a LED light source is much higher than the lifetime of a filament lamp.

Proposal aims to introduce Direction Indicator Projections. This proposal intends to introduce the possibility of light-signalling, in form of projection of patterns on the road, for other road users through new light-signalling function “Direction indicator projection”.

Proposal aims to introduce reversing projections. This proposal intends to introduce the possibility of light-signalling, in form of projection of patterns on the road, for other road users through new light-signalling function
“Reversing projection”.
Proposal also applies for a Supplement to the 06, 07, 08 and 09 series of amendments to UN Regulation No. 48

Proposal to correct a reference for the determination of the approval marking size.

Reversing projection Supporting information to the proposal GRE/2024/20 Proposal for a Supplement to the 01 series of amendments to UN Regulation No. 148 and to the 06, 07, 08 and 09 series of amendments to UN Regulation No. 48

Proposal to correct and clarify the communication form.

Proposal to update the communication form.

Proposal aims to correct a wrong reference for the determination of the approval marking size.

This document replaces the official document ECE/TRANS/WP.29/GRE/2024/6

Proposal to introduce the provisions to enable the use of light-signalling in form of projection of patterns on the road for other road users through new light-signalling functions “Direction indicator projection” and “Reversing projection”.

Proposal to enable the approval under UN R74 of a front and rear indicator that can be activated simultaneously, to allow the installation of optional direction indicators at national level on bicycles (including vehicles with a maximum design speed not exceeding 25 km/h), and to introduce a new symbol “-“ under UN R148 between the symbols indicating the functions of the device in order to differentiate a device which fulfils the requirement of a front indicator of category 11 and a rear indicator of category 12 that cannot be activated simultaneously from one that can.

Proposal to correct and clarify the communication form.

Proposal to clarify and correct the text and improve the definition of photometric stability.

Proposal to clarify and to correct the text of the 01 series of amendments to UN Regulation No. 148.

Proposal to clarify conditions for use of the DETA Unique Identifier marking.

Proposal to clarify conditions for use of the DETA Unique Identifier marking.

Proposal to clarify conditions for use of the DETA Unique Identifier marking.

Discussion on the benefits to VRU road safety provided by projections combined with turn indicators and/or reversing lamps and request for guidance implementing SRP provisions in existing UN Regulations.

Proposal to ensure the availability of sufficient information on the lighting device for periodic and roadside inspections.

Proposal from the SLR informal group to introduce a summary document that will be placed in the electronic Database for the Exchange of Type Approval documentation (DETA) to support the use of the Unique Identifier (UI).

Proposal from GRE to comprehensively revise and update UN R148 in a new series of amendments. The proposal introduces new provisions to permit the use of manufacturer logos within the illuminant surface of signalling lamps.

This document was produced for transparency purposes to show the corrections of some purely editorial errors, which were identified during the preparation of the WP.29 proposal to introduce the 01 series of amendments to Regulation No. 148. Such corrections were reflected by the Secretariat in the WP.29 proposal.