1. The Working Party on Pollution and Energy (GRPE) held its eighty-fifth session from 11 to 14 January 2022, with André Rijnders (Netherlands) as Chair and Duncan Kay (United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland) as Vice-Chair. Experts from the following countries participated in the work following Rule 1(a) of the Rules of Procedure of the World Forum for Harmonization of Vehicle Regulations (WP.29) (TRANS/WP.29/690, as amended): Australia, Canada, China, France, Germany, Hungary, India, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Republic of Korea, Russian Federation, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (UK), United States of America. Experts from the European Commission (EC) also participated. Experts from the following non-governmental organizations (NGOs) took part in the session: American Automotive Policy Council (AAPC), Association for Emissions Control by Catalyst (AECC), European Association of Automobile Suppliers (CLEPA/MEMA/JAPIA), European Association of Internal Combustion Engine Manufacturers (EUROMOT), European Garage Equipment Association (EGEA), European Tyre and Rim Technical Organisation (ETRTO), Fédération Internationale de l’Automobile (FIA), Federation of European Manufacturers of Friction Materials (FEMFM), International Association for Natural Gas Vehicles (NGV Global), International Motorcycle Manufacturers Association (IMMA), International Motor Vehicle Inspection Committee (CITA), International Organization of Motor Vehicle Manufacturers (OICA), and Liquid Gas Europe. The representative from Clean Air Association was invited by the Chair.

2. Mr. Rijnders, Chair of GRPE, opened the meeting, held as hybrid session, with all participants attending virtually because of the still on-going sanitary situation, and welcomed the participants.

3. GRPE adopted the provisional agenda of the eighty-fifth session (ECE/TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/2022/1), as updated and consolidated in GRPE-85-05-Rev.2, and GRPE-85-06-Rev.1 as a tentative running order.

GRPE-85-05/Rev.2 | GRPE-85: Updated provisional agenda

GRPE-85-06/Rev.1 | GRPE-85: Running order of the agenda for the January 2022 session

GRPE/2022/1 | Annotated provisional agenda for the 85th (January 2022) GRPE session

4. The informal documents distributed before and during the GRPE session are listed in Annex I of the session report. Annex II lists the informal meetings held in conjunction with this GRPE session. Annex III lists IWGs of GRPE, task forces and subgroups, giving details on their Chairs, Secretaries and the end of their mandates.

5. The secretariat introduced GRPE-85-08, announcing details for the next GRPE session. Following a request from the representatives from the UK, GRPE agreed to move the next session forward by one day. After consultation with colleagues to swap meetings (thanking them for their flexibility) and with conference services, the secretariat confirmed the next session would start on Monday 30 May 2022 at 2.00 p.m. and finish on Thursday 2 June 2022 at 12.30 p.m. He informed GRPE the corresponding deadline for the submission of official documents would therefore be Monday 7 March 2022.

GRPE-85-08 | Information for the 86th (May-June 2022) GRPE session

6. The secretariat introduced GRPE-85-07 and reported on relevant items discussed during the 185th sessions of the World Forum for Harmonization of Vehicle Regulations (WP.29). He referred to ECE/TRANS/WP.29/1161 for further details.

GRPE-85-07 | GRPE-relevant highlights from the 185th (November 2021) WP.29 session

7. The representative from OICA introduced ECE/TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/2022/2 and ECE/TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/2022/8 proposing to integrate requirements for Special Purpose Vehicles (SPVs) in the 06 and 07 series of amendments to UN Regulation No. 83 and Consolidated Resolution on the Construction of Vehicles (R.E.3). The representative from Spain proposed clarifications on ECE/TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/2022/8 to be included in any revised version (GRPE-85-48), and requested clarifications on ECE/TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/2022/2, as supported by the representative from Sweden.

8. The representative from Australia asked whether similar provisions should also be included in UN Regulation No. 154. The representative from France supported the proposals and requested to be cautious about exempting from Conformity of Production (CoP) requirements. The representative from the European Union, as supported by the representative from the Netherlands, needed a review on the deletion of the extension rule and requested additional time to consider the proposals.

9. The representative from OICA explained the rationale for the proposals, mainly to ease the way in some markets where a very limited number of vehicles falling under the definition of SPVs are registered, and where identifying vehicle to perform CoP tests would be very challenging. The representative from OICA also agreed for a delayed consideration of the proposals, and he proposed to improve the documents for a consideration in forthcoming sessions of GRPE.

GRPE-85-48 | RE3: Proposal for correction to revision

GRPE/2022/2 | UN R83: Proposal for a new Supplement to the 06 and 07 series of amendments Proposal to introduce provisions specific to special-purpose vehicles.

10. The representative from OICA introduced GRPE-85-09 and GRPE-85-15 proposing to correct the recursive formula calculating pass/fail criteria of CoP in the 05, 06, 07 Series of Amendments to UN Regulation No. 83 and the 02 and 03 Series of Amendments to UN Regulation No. 154. The representative from the EU informed GRPE that the proposal did not impact the EU as they use a different approach to pass/fail criteria of CoP tests. The representative from India supported the proposals and asked whether UN GTR No.15 should also be amended in a similar way. GRPE agreed to consider GRPE-85-09 as a working document in forthcoming sessions of GRPE.

11. The secretariat proposed to adopt GRPE-85-15 and to include it in revisions to ECE/TRANS/WP.29/2022/41 and ECE/TRANS/WP.29/2022/42 to be considered by WP.29 and AC.1 in March 2022. He prepared GRPE-85-45 and GRPE-85-46 respectively. The representative from Japan supported the proposals and added that they were flexible on the timing of implementation of such proposals.

12. GRPE adopted GRPE-85-45 and GRPE-85-46 as ECE/TRANS/WP.29/2022/41/Rev.1 and ECE/TRANS/WP.29/2022/42/Rev.1 respectively and requested the secretariat to submit them to WP.29 and AC.1 for consideration and vote at their March 2022 sessions as draft 02 and 03 series of amendments to UN Regulation No. 154 respectively.

GRPE-85-09 | UN R83: Proposal for a new Supplement to the 05/06/07 series of Amendments Proposal to correct the recursive formula of the 05, 06 and 07 series of amendments to UN Regulation No. 83 in the procedure for verifying the conformity of production requirements if the production standard deviation given by the manufacturer is either not satisfactory or not available.

GRPE-85-15 | UN R154: Proposal for a new Supplement to the 02 and 03 series Proposal to correct the recursive formula in the procedure for verifying the conformity of production requirements if the production standard deviation given by the manufacturer is either not satisfactory or not available.

GRPE-85-45 | UN R154: Proposal for amendment to 02 series of amendments

GRPE-85-46 | UN R154: Proposal for amendment to 03 series of amendments

WP.29/2022/41/Rev.1 | UN R154: Proposal for a new 02 series of amendments Proposal to introduce particle number requirements and limits for Level 1B. The proposal also aligns the particulate measurement procedures with changes introduced in GTR No 15 Amendment 6 and other adaptations to technical progress.

WP.29/2022/42/Rev.1 | UN R154: Proposal for a new 03 series of amendments Proposal to ensure that Level 2 is the latest version of this Regulation and is therefore subject to mutual recognition under the 1958 Agreement, given that there is a concurrent proposal to for an 02 series of amendments which introduces particle number requirements and limits for Level 1B. This proposal for a 03 series of amendments also aligns the particulate measurement procedures with changes introduced in GTR No 15 Amendment 6 as well as other adaptations to technical progress.

13. The representative from OICA introduced GRPE-85-10 proposing to allow for the specification of the test equipment allowed for UN Regulation No. 154 to also be allowed in the 05, 06, 07 Series of Amendments to UN Regulation No. 83. The representatives from France, Germany, The Netherlands, Spain and Sweden supported the proposal. The Chair requested the representative from OICA to prepare a working document for forthcoming sessions of GRPE.

GRPE-85-10 | UN R83: Proposal for a new Supplement to the 05, 06 and 07 series of amendments Proposal to permit use of equipment conforming to UN R154 for testing under UN R83 (and by extension to UN R101 which references UN R83).

14. The representative from OICA introduced GRPE-85-12 on amending Charge Depleting (CD) cycles from vehicle for the equivalent all-electric range (EAER) calculation in the 02 and 03 Series of Amendments to UN Regulation No. 154. The representative from Japan introduced GRPE-85-02 on potential consequence of implementing GRPE-85-12. The representative from JRC and Germany also sought clarifications on the proposal from OICA.

15. The representative from OICA agreed additional work was needed to finalize the proposal and invited all interested stakeholders to join separate discussions to take place in the forthcoming weeks. The representatives from France, Japan, Sweden and the UK showed interest in participating to such activities.

GRPE-85-02 | Proposals for Future UN R154 Amendments

GRPE-85-12 | UN R154: Explanation of charge-depleting cycle range (RCDC) proposals

16. The representative from OICA introduced GRPE-85-13 and GRPE-85-14 to amend the original and 01 Series of Amendments to UN Regulation No. 154 (as well as UN GTR No. 15) to reflect the latest corrections and clarifications added to the 02 and 03 Series of Amendments to UN Regulation No. 154. The Chair asked whether such corrections tackling older version of documents was necessary in the case of UN Regulation No. 154. The representative from OICA confirmed some countries might be willing to adopt former version of UN Regulation No. 154 as allowed by the Revision 3 to the 1958 Agreement, so improving the older versions might still prove beneficial.

GRPE-85-13 | Proposal for further transposition of UN R154-02 and 03 series of amendments

GRPE-85-14 | UN R154: Example for proposal to transpose 02-03 series provisions into the original version Illustration to support proposals explained in document GRPE-85-13.

17. The representative from OICA confirmed the proposals would be finalized as supplements for forthcoming sessions for GRPE.

18. The representative from OICA introduced GRPE-85-16 and GRPE-85-17 proposing to amend the 01 Series of Amendments to UN Regulation No. 101 to address discharge speed requirements for OVC-HEV. The representative from the EC expressed no objections to the proposal.

19. The representative from Germany requested information about any effect on energy consumption or range from the proposed change. The representative from OICA clarified that the proposal only affected pre-conditioning, so no change on energy consumption nor range was expected. The representative from OICA also stated some information about why such provisions were originally included in UN regulation No. 101 would be sought and introduced together with a formal proposal at forthcoming sessions of GRPE.

GRPE-85-16 | UN R101: Proposal for a Supplement to the 01 series of amendments Proposal to harmonize:<ul><li>Requirements for the determination of CO2, fuel and electric energy consumption of the discharge requirement for OVC-HEV with an operating mode switch with its stop criterion.</li><li>Preconditioning requirement (Annex 9, determination of electric range) and UN R83 (Annex 14, provisions for emissions test procedures for HEV).</li></ul>

GRPE-85-17 | UN R101: Supplemental information for the proposal in GRPE-85-16

20. The representative from OICA introduced GRPE-85-18-Rev.1, GRPE-85-19-Rev.1 and GRPE-85-20-Rev.1. proposing to take the new 7000Lux criterion for Daytime Running Lamps (DRL), as stipulated in the 08 Series of Amendments to UN Regulation No. 48, into account in the 06 and 07 series of amendments to UN Regulation No. 83, the 01 Series of Amendments to UN Regulation No. 101 and the original, 01, 02 and 03 series of amendments to UN Regulation No. 154.

21. The representative from the Netherlands requested some clarifications on the potential quantification of CO2 emissions differences between rear lights on or off. The representative from the EC requested any information on the meaning of 7000 Lux and the share of typical driving below and above this threshold. The representative from OICA said no numbers about potential CO2 emission differences were available at the time of the meeting. He also clarified that 7000 Lux condition corresponded to dusk conditions or very cloudy conditions. He agreed to prepare more evidence for future GRPE sessions.

22. The representative from the EC briefly explained that such rear light deactivation system was being considered to be included in eco-innovation lists of the EU, and therefore further discussions were needed before sharing a position on this proposal with GRPE.

23. The Chair agreed with the concern from the representative from OICA that a consistent approach was necessary for all laboratories performing the tests prescribed in UN Regulations Nos. 83, 101 and 154, and insisted that double counting of potential emissions reduction benefits should be avoided. He invited the representative from OICA to revise the proposals to include possible cases in square brackets for GRPE deliberations during the next session of GRPE, and to provide more evidence on the expected impact on emissions differences with the rear light on and off, and the shareshare of driving under each light conditions (below and above 7000 Lux). GRPE supported the approach proposed by the Chair.

GRPE-85-18/Rev.2 | UN R83: Proposal for a Supplement to the 06 and 07 series of amendments Annex 4A-Type 1 tests include references to daytime running lamps and rear position and other lamps. In line with UN R48 and its 08 series of amendments which would permit switching off of rear position and other lamps when ambient light conditions are above 7,000 lux to avoid unnecessary fuel consumption, this proposal would permit ambient lighting during dynamometer operation above this threshold.

GRPE-85-19/Rev.2 | UN R101: Proposal for a Supplement to the 01 series of amendments Annex 5 procedures include references to daytime running lamps and rear position and other lamps. In line with UN R48 and its 08 series of amendments which would permit switching off of rear position and other lamps when ambient light conditions are above 7,000 lux to avoid unnecessary fuel consumption, this proposal would permit ambient lighting during dynamometer operation above this threshold.

GRPE-85-20/Rev.2 | UN R154: Proposal for a Supplement to the original, 01, 02, and 03 series of amendments Annex B6 procedures include references to rear position and other lamps. In line with UN R48 and its 08 series of amendments which would permit switching off of rear position and other lamps when ambient light conditions are above 7,000 lux to avoid unnecessary fuel consumption, this proposal would permit ambient lighting during dynamometer operation above this threshold.

24. The representative from OICA introduced GRPE-85-21 and GRPE-85-22 proposing to amend Annex 13 (Low Temperature Test Procedure) of Amendment 6 to UN GTR No. 15 with respect to Pure EVs. The representative from the Netherlands asked the timeline for the proposed update to UN GTR No. 15., and the representative from the EC added that updating UN GTR No. 15 was not a high priority for them. He suggested to collect all the points to be included in a forthcoming Amendment 7 to UN GTR No. 15.

25. GRPE agreed to compile all potential improvements and amendments to UN GTR No. 15 before considering a new Amendment to UN GTR No. 15 at forthcoming sessions of GRPE.

GRPE-85-21 | GTR 15: Draft proposal to update Annex 13 (Low-Temperature Test Procedure) under Amendment 6

GRPE-85-22 | GTR 15: Explanation of proposals to amend Annex 13 (Low Temperature Test Procedure)

26. The representative from the EC, Chair of the IWG on RDE, introduced GRPE-85-44-Rev.1 providing a brief update about the activities of the IWG, and invited new potential interested parties to contact the secretary of the IWG to be included in future communications.

27. She informed that activities on the finalization of the UN Regulation on RDE might conclude soon as a court decision was expected in the following days following the GRPE session.

GRPE-85-44/Rev.1 | IWG RDE: Status update

28. The representative from the UK introduced ECE/TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/2022/3 as amended by GRPE-85-47 and during the session, as reflected in Annex IV to the session report. The representative of France, the Netherlands, Spain, Sweden and the EC supported the proposal.

29. GRPE adopted Annex IV and requested the secretariat to submit it to WP.29 and AC.1 for consideration and vote at their June 2022 sessions as draft Supplement 1 to the 07 series of amendments to UN Regulation No. 49.

GRPE-85-47 | UN R49: Proposal for amendment to the Supplement to 07 series of amendments

GRPE-85-47 | UN R49: Proposal for amendment to the Supplement to 07 series of amendments

GRPE/2022/3 | UN R49: Proposal for a new Supplement to the 07 series of amendments Proposal to introduce provisions for the approval of a vehicle type with an approved engine with regard to their emission of pollutants, and the reporting of the CO2 emissions and fuel consumption for type approval of vehicles with a reference mass exceeding 2,380 kg but not exceeding 2,610 kg.

30. The representative from OICA introduced GRPE-85-28 and GRPE-85-41 on the addition of hydrogen (H2) as a fuel for internal combustion engines in UN Regulation No. 49. The representative from Germany sought clarifications on how Ugas factors were calculated in the case of H2. The representative from the EC added that the activity was held in common between OICA and the EC, also aiming at capturing potential decarbonization benefits to be included in the European VECTO tool. The representative from the EC, from the Joint Research Center (JRC), added that a validation exercise with OEMs was on-going, and close collaboration with OEMs was needed as the technology was not available on the market at the present time. He added final results were expected by the end of 2022. The representative from the Netherlands was supportive of the intention of the proposal and asked for some editorials corrections to be included (for example on the need to separate gaseous from liquified H2 in some instances).

31. The representative from OICA agreed the text was still in progress and informed GRPE that an update will be provided at the next GRPE session if a final proposal was not prepared on time for adoption by GRPE.

GRPE-85-28 | UN R49: Proposal to permit hydrogen fuel under emissions type approval

GRPE-85-41 | UN R 49: Presentation on proposal for type approval of H2 engines

32. GRPE did not receive any new proposals for discussion under this agenda item.

33. GRPE did not receive any new proposals for discussion under this agenda item.

34. The representative from OICA introduced ECE/TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/2022/4 proposing to align UN Regulation No. 24 with UN Regulation No. 85 and ISO 1585:2020. The representatives from France, Germany, Italy, Sweden and the UK supported the proposal.

35. GRPE adopted ECE/TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/2022/4 and requested the secretariat to submit it to WP.29 and AC.1 for consideration and vote at their June 2022 sessions as draft Supplement 8 to the 03 series of amendments to UN Regulation No. 24 (Visible pollutants, measurement of power of C.I. engines (Diesel smoke)).

GRPE/2022/4 | UN R24: Proposal for a new Supplement to the 03 series of amendments Proposal to align UN R24 with to align the UN R85 and ISO 1585:2020.

36. The representative from OICA introduced ECE/TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/2022/5 and GRPE-85-11 proposing to align UN Regulation No. 85 with ISO 1585:2020. The representative from the UK proposed alternative wording to clarify the proposed provisions, as amended during the session and reflected in Annex V of the session report.

37. GRPE adopted Annex V and requested the secretariat to submit it to WP.29 and AC.1 for consideration and vote at their June 2022 sessions as draft Supplement 11 to UN Regulation No. 85 (Measurement of the net power and the 30 min. power).

GRPE-85-11 | UN R85: Proposal to amend document GRPE/2022/5 Proposal to clarify the scope of Regulation 85 concerning electric drivetrains.

GRPE/2022/5 | UN R85: Proposal for a new Supplement Proposal to align UN R85 with ISO 1585:2020.

38. The representative from OICA introduced GRPE-85-23 and GRPE-85-24 proposing to widen test fuel specifications to local requirement in UN Regulations Nos. 24 and 85. The representative from the UK suggested the wording of the proposed amendment could be clarified. GRPE agreed to consider a revised proposal at forthcoming session of GRPE.

GRPE-85-23 | UN R24: Proposal for a Supplement The use of test fuels is permitted for certification testing of gaseous and particulate pollutants and power/smoke testing in Europe. However, other countries that have adopted and referenced UN R24 may not allow this. This proposal would permit the use of the same test fuel in cases where the testing for emission of gaseous and particulate pollutants is conducted at the same time as the testing under UN R24.

GRPE-85-24 | UN R85: Proposal for a Supplement The use of test fuels is permitted for certification testing of gaseous and particulate pollutants and power/smoke testing in Europe. However, other countries that have adopted and referenced UN R85 may not allow this. This proposal would permit the use of the same test fuel in cases where the testing for emission of gaseous and particulate pollutants is conducted at the same time as the testing under UN R85.

39. The representative from OICA introduced GRPE-85-25 proposing to add hydrogen fuel and associated specifications in UN Regulation No. 85. The representative from AAPC requested more information about the time when market fuel specifications would be determined, whether at type approval or at the time of the test. The representative from OICA clarified that fuel specifications would be determined at the time of the test.

40. The representative from the EC asked whether it should be Grade I or Grade II hydrogen as specified in GRPE-85-28; moreover, he informed GRPE that there is no reference to ISO 14687 in UN Regulation No. 154 that already covers hydrogen. The Chair proposed to resume the discussions on this item at the next session of GRPE. GRPE supported that proposal.

GRPE-85-25 | UN R85: Proposal for a Supplement Proposal to permit the use of hydrogen (H2) as fuel for type approval of heavy-duty vehicles.

GRPE-85-28 | UN R49: Proposal to permit hydrogen fuel under emissions type approval

41. The Chair requested the view of stakeholder involved with Non-Road Mobile Machinery (NRMM) about the inclusion of hydrogen as a fuel in UN Regulation No. 96, as has been proposed by the representative from OICA for UN Regulations Nos. 49 and 85 earlier in the session (paras 30. and 39.). The representative from EUROMOT informed GRPE that a drafting group is working on this for European legislation and that draft proposals to include H2 in UN Regulations Nos. 96 and 120 were expected to be ready for the next session of GRPE in June 2022.

42. GRPE did not receive any new proposals for discussion under this agenda item.

43. The representative from the EC, Chair of the IWG on PMP, introduced GRPE-85-37-Rev.1 giving a status report of the activities of the IWG on PMP. He started with all topics related to exhaust particulates measurement and explained that the consideration of ECE/TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/2022/17, as amended by GRPE-85-04-Rev.1, as reflected in Addendum 1, was ready for a consideration by GRPE.

44. The representative from Germany requested more information about the test procedure included in the draft resolution. The Chair of the IWG on PMP clarified that the draft proposal of a new Consolidated Resolution to allowed for SPN10 of SPN23 for Heavy Duty as per the procedure adopted for light duty vehicles (as specified in Amendment 6 to UN GTR No. 15).

45. The Chair asked about a timeline to include the content of the resolution into a UN Regulation or UN GTR. The Chair of the IWG on PMP informed that the first step was to gain experience with the procedure before including it within legally binding regulations.

46. GRPE adopted Addendum 1 and requested the secretariat to submit it to WP.29 for consideration at their June 2022 sessions as draft Consolidated Resolution concerning Exhaust Ultra-Fine Particle Number Measurement For Heavy Duty Engines.

GRPE-85-04/Rev.1 | Ultra-fine PN measurement for heavy-duty engines: Proposal for amendments to document GRPE/2021/17 Proposal for new Consolidated Resolution concerning Exhaust Ultra-Fine Particle Number Measurement For Heavy Duty Engines. The document is also available with tracked changes in <a href="https://unece.org/sites/default/files/2022-01/GRPE-85-04r1e_track.pdf" target="_blank">pdf format</a> and in <a href="https://unece.org/sites/default/files/2022-01/GRPE-85-04r1e_track.docx" target="_blank">docx format</a>.

GRPE-85-37/Rev.2 | Status report of the PMP informal group

GRPE/2022/17 | Proposal for new Consolidated Resolution concerning Exhaust Ultra-Fine Particle Number Measurement For Heavy Duty Engines Text prepared by IWG PMP for a new Consolidated Resolution concerning the test procedure for the measurement of ultra-fine particle emissions from Heavy Duty engines.

GRPE/85/Add.1 | Proposal for a Consolidated Resolution on the exhaust ultrafine particle number measurement for heavy duty engines Proposal as endorsed by GRPE for a new Consolidated Resolution concerning Exhaust Ultra-Fine Particle Number Measurement For Heavy Duty Engines.

47. The Chair of the IWG on PMP then informed about non-exhaust activities on brake wear and tyre wear emissions. The Chair informed GRPE about the outcome of discussions held with the Chair of GRBP during the November session of WP.29, where both Chairs agreed to create a joint task force between GRBP and GRPE to work on the issue of tyre abrasion and the associated microplastics emissions. The representatives from France and the UK informed they would be involved from both GRBP and GRPE sides.

GRPE-85-37/Rev.2 | Status report of the PMP informal group

48. GRPE did not receive any new proposals for discussion under this agenda item.

49. The Co-Chair of the IWG on EPPR introduced ECE/TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/2022/6 and GRPE-85-38, as reflected in Addendum 2, containing the latest draft for Amendment 5 to UN GTR No. 2. He added that the final report was still missing and that, upon GRPE agreement, would be submitted directly to the June 2022 session of WP.29, and GRPE would get a chance to review it at its next session. The Chair required a confirmation that the part II of Addendum 2 would not be modified by the time it is considered by WP.29. The Co-Chair and Secretary of the IWG on EPPR confirmed that part II would not be modified, except for minor editorial improvements.

50. GRPE adopted Addendum 2 and requested the secretariat to submit it to WP.29 and AC.3 for consideration and vote at their June 2022 sessions as draft Amendment 5 to UN GTR No. 2. GRPE agreed to have the final report to be submitted directly to WP.29 by the sponsors of the UN GTR.

GRPE-85-38 | GTR 2: Proposal for amendments to the draft Amendment 5 Proposal for updates to the text in document GRPE/2022/6 from the EPPR informal group.

GRPE/2022/6 | GTR 2: Proposal for Amendment 5 Proposal to expand the scope to include more vehicle types (higher-powered three-wheeled vehicles) and to introduce additional fuel types to be included in the test procedure.

GRPE/85/Add.2 | GTR 2: Proposal for Amendment 5 Text as approved by GRPE to introduce a modified WMTC test cycle procedure and a new vehicle classification for low-powered vehicles, such as commonly used in India and China.

51. The Co-Chair of the IWG on EPPR introduced ECE/TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/2022/7 and GRPE-85-39, as reflected in Addendum 3, containing the latest draft for a new UN GTR on durability of pollution-control devices for two- and three-wheelers. He added that the final report and the technical rationale (part I of the UN GTR text) were still missing and that, upon GRPE agreement, would be submitted directly to the June 2022 session of WP.29, and GRPE would get a chance to review it at its next session. The Chair required a confirmation that the part II of Addendum 3 would not be modified by the time it is considered by WP.29. The Co-Chair and secretary of the IWG on EPPR confirmed that part II would not be modified, except for minor editorial improvements.

52. GRPE adopted Addendum 3 and requested the secretariat to submit it to WP.29 and AC.3 for consideration and vote at their June 2022 sessions as a draft new UN GTR on durability of pollution-control devices for two- and three-wheelers. GRPE agreed to have the final report and the technical rationale to be submitted directly to WP.29 by the sponsors of the UN GTR.

GRPE-85-39 | L-vehicle pollution controls durability: Proposal for amendments to the draft GTR Proposal for updates from the EPPR informal group to the draft text of document GRPE/2022/7.

GRPE/2022/7 | Durability of pollution control devices: Proposal for a new UN GTR on the measurement procedure for two- or three-wheeled vehicles

GRPE/85/Add.3 | Proposal for a new UN GTR on durability of pollution-control devices for two- and three-wheelers

53. The Co-Chairs of IWG on EPPR presented a status report (GRPE-85-03). They updated GRPE on the latest activities of the group from the time he was elected Co-Chair, and was thankful of the support from the other Co-Chair from South Africa and the members of the IWG on EPPR.

GRPE-85-03 | Status report of the EPPR informal group

54. GRPE did not receive any new proposals for discussion under this agenda item.

55. The Chair of IWG on EVE presented the status report introducing the latest activities of the group (GRPE-85-42). He explained that after the intense period of activity to finalize the proposal for a new UN GTR on in-vehicle battery durability, the IWG would resume its activity in the forthcoming weeks, with potential updates to UN GTR No. 21 and extended scope for the UN GTR on in-vehicle battery durability.

56. The representative from OICA sought clarification on the potential activity on life cycle assessment that GRPE is contemplating and the link with the IWG on EVE activity on “stating energy consumption of EVs”. The Chair of the IWG on EVE reminded GRPE that the IWG on EVE thought the activity on “stating energy consumption of EVs” was not best suited to EVE and that the IWG was focusing on a collaboration with the Group of Expert on Energy Efficiency (GEEE) of the Energy Division of the UNECE. The secretariat added that in the follow-up of the workshop organized in May 2021, the secretariat had reached out to the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) as advised by the group discussion during the workshop. He added that further investigations were on-going to assess potential activities of interest to IEC, GRPE and the IWG on EVE.

GRPE-85-42 | IWG EVE: Status report

57. The representative from OICA introduced GRPE-85-35 on the future of UN GTR No. 21. The representative from Germany confirmed, following test performed according to UN GTR No. 21, that some clarifications and revisions to UN GTR No. 21 would be needed, especially for high powered vehicles. GRPE agreed to keep this item on this agenda for the following session of GRPE.

GRPE-85-35 | Comments on GTR 21

58. The representative from OICA introduced GRPE-85-36 introducing its view on the forthcoming activity on heavy duty battery durability. The Chair of the IWG on EVE asked, according to the view of the representative from OICA, whether some part of the UN GTR developed for light duty vehicles would potentially be usable for heavy duty applications, or a whole new UN GTR would be needed. The representative from OICA said a new UN GTR would probably be more appropriate, with some elements from the light duty UN GTR potentially be used.

GRPE-85-36 | Comments on heavy-duty EV battery durability Recommendation to pursue a GTR specific to heavy-duty vehicles derived from the work on the light vehicle EV battery durability GTR.

59. The Chair of the IWG on EVE introduced GRPE-85-43 as revised Terms of References (ToRs) for the IWG, with clarifications added to the leadership team of the IWG. GRPE adopted GRPE-85-43.

GRPE-85-43 | IWG EVE: Terms of reference

60. GRPE did not receive any new proposals for discussion under this agenda item.

61. The GRPE ambassador to the IWG on IWVTA introduced GRPE-85-01 and
GRPE-85-33 to initiate discussions in GRPE about the implementation of the Unique Identifier (UI) in UN Regulations pertinent to GRPE. The representative from CITA, secretary of the IWG on Periodic Technical Inspection (PTI), underlined the importance of broad access to reliable information, especially for PTI centres that are the first users of approval markings. He asked the ambassador that GRPE-85-01 be also introduced to the IWG on PTI.

62. The representative from the EC sought further clarification on user access to UI. The representative from Australia asked if the work on UI should prioritize UN Regulations included in UN Regulations No. 0.

63. The GRPE ambassador to the IWG on IWVTA noted all requests for further information and agreed to raise them during the next meeting of the IWG on DETA, to be held in March 2022 and to report back during the next session of GRPE.

GRPE-85-01 | Proposal for extension of DETA to improve the use of the Unique Identifier for UN Regulations

GRPE-85-33 | DETA: Additional input regarding GPRE and the Unique Identifier Supplemental information concerning document GRPE-85-01.

64. The Chair of IWG on Vehicles Interior Air Quality (VIAQ) presented a status report on the ongoing activities of the group (GRPE-85-26). He informed GRPE about the latest progress and the items agreed during the last IWG meetings.

65. GRPE acknowledged the good progress made by IWG on VIAQ and welcomed the new member in the IWG and the new Co-Chair from Korea.

GRPE-85-26 | Status report of the VIAQ informal group

66. The representative from CITA introduced GRPE-85-30 and GRPE-85-31 presenting the main outcomes of a report on emissions tampering using an urea emulator installed in an Euro VI A heavy truck. The representative from OICA stated that they fully oppose the sale and use of emulators, which is bad for the reputation of car manufacturers; He called for a holistic picture to be considered to mitigate the potential for tampering, highlighting that increased stringency during PTI tests might not be sufficient, with some actors proposing to temporarily revert the tampering to pass PTI tests. The representative from CITA agreed and supported the statement from the representative from OICA, and insisted that tampering is a technical and also behavioural issue, and recalled that inspection and approval performed in isolation were not effective to fully prevent tampering.

67. The representative from the EC called for the existing provision on anti-tampering to be effectively enforced, inviting countries to forbid the sale and use of such emulators. The representative from OICA gave the example of the Swiss law which seemed effective with high penalties and strong enforcement.

68. The Co-Chair from the IWG on PTI called for more expertise needed in the IWG on PTI and suggested to create a task force between GRPE and the IWG on PTI to initiate activities on the issue. The Chair highlighted the need for more collaboration between type approval, certification and PTI, and supported the proposal for the Co-Chair from the IWG on PTI to put together ideas towards the creation of a task force during the next session of GRPE.

GRPE-85-30 | Emissions Tampering: Urea emulator installed in an Euro VI A heavy truck

GRPE-85-31 | Supporting information on Urea emulators and emissions tampering

69. The Co-Chair of the IWG on PTI introduced GRPE-85-40 introducing the draft Framework Document on Vehicle Whole-Life Compliance (ECE/TRANS/WP.29/2021/148). The representative from CITA supported the proposal. The representative from the EC highlighted some inconsistencies in the diagram shown and sought clarifications on the intention of the document. The Chair also highlighted some differences between EU and UN legislative framework which might lead to misinterpretation of the document.

70. The Co-Chair of the IWG on PTI agreed the document could be improved and agreed that it would be beneficial to present the discrepancies between different countries/regions to improve the harmonization offered by the activities developed within WP.2929 and its subsidiary bodies.

71. The secretariat proposed to report to WP.29 that GRPE identified potential improvements to the draft Framework Document on Vehicle Whole-Life Compliance, and that a proposal for improvement would be formalized during the next session of GRPE in June 2022 and communicated to WP.29 during its June 2022 session. The representatives from Sweden, the UK, and OICA as well as the Co-Chair of the IWG on PTI supported that approach. GRPE agreed to keep this item on the agenda for its next session.

GRPE-85-40 | PTI: Presentation on Framework Document on Vehicle Whole-Life Compliance Presentation by IWG PTI on their proposal ECE/TRANS/WP.29/2021/148

WP.29/2021/148 | Proposal for a Framework Document on Vehicle Whole-Life Compliance Proposal submitted by the Co-Chairs of the Informal Working Group on Periodical Technical Inspections.

72. The representative from the EC introduced GRPE-85-34 on the particle number measurement during Periodic Technical Inspection (PTI) tests. The Chair recommended to harmonize the activities between the EC and the IWG on PTI that is working on similar issues. He also informed GRPE that the Co-Chair of the IWG on PTI from the Netherlands agreed to table the proposed amendment to R.E.6. in GRPE prior to WP.29 submission. The representative from the EC expected to release a first draft of their recommendations to European authorities one month after the GRPE session and agreed to share and collaborate with the IWG on PTI.

73. The representative from Spain, supported by the representative from CITA, called for in-depth harmonization of the methodology and not-to-exceed limits, which the Chair fully supported; The Chair also suggested an updated Type 2 test might be need in type approval legislation to provide a basis for comparison at PTI tests. GRPE agreed to keep this item on the agenda for forthcoming sessions of GRPE.

GRPE-85-34 | New Periodic Technical Inspection – Particle Number Measurement

74. The representative from Japan introduced GRPE-85-29-Rev.1 as Life Cycle Assessments (LCA) Methodology for Automobiles under GRPE. The Chair supported the idea of a workshop during the next session of GRPE and invited the secretariat to briefly introduce a possible concept for such workshop.

75. The secretariat described that a potential workshop could have a similar approach as the “GRPE workshop on low- and zero-emissions heavy duty vehicles” which took place during the June 2021 session of GRPE. He added the workshop would feature contracting parties and stakeholder usually attending GRPE, but also other institutions and initiatives working on the issue of LCA for automobiles, such as the European Green NCAP or the World Business Council on Sustainable Development (WBCSD) carbon transparency partnership.

76. The representative from the EC supported the proposal and called for a final decision on the creation of a potential IWG on LCA only after the workshop. The representative from the US supported the proposal and was eager to hear about other Contracting Parties plans to include LCA into their legislative process. The representative from Russia also supported the idea and showed interest in participating to share the experience of the country on the issue.

77. The representative from OICA supported the idea and was ready to cooperate to the workshop if need be.

78. GRPE agreed to host a one-day workshop and to further discuss the inclusion of the issue of LCA into its list of priorities and the creation of a dedicated IWG during its next session in June 2022.

GRPE-85-29/Rev.1 | Proposal of Discussion Starter on LCA Methodology for Automobiles under GRPE

79. The representative from the Clean Air Association introduced GRPE-85-27 and GRPE-85-32 as a presentation of the Clean Air Association, as requested by AC.2 (ECE/TRANS/WP.29/1161, para 19.). The representative from OICA sought clarifications about an acronym used in the presentation. GRPE noted GRPE-85-27 and GRPE-85-32 and thanked the Clean Air Association for introducing those to GRPE.

GRPE-85-27 | Introduction to the Clean Air Association

GRPE-85-32 | Clean Air Association request for WP.29 consultative status

80. The representative of Spain, Mr. José Pablo Laguna Gomez, informed GRPE that he would retire in the following weeks and that this was his last GRPE session, after 32 years of continuous GRPE attendance. GRPE gave a heartfelt tribute to the representative from Spain and wished him a great and successful retirement.

81. The next GRPE session, including IWG meetings, is scheduled to be held as a hybrid meeting, with physical and remote participation, from Monday 30 May 2022 2.30 p.m. to Thursday 2 June 2022 12.00 p.m. Interpretation services would be provided.

82. GRPE agreed on the provisional agenda for its next session.