Japan presented the document LKAS-01-02 as a proposal from J for an activity plan of the LKAS ad-hoc group.

OICA found it premature to discuss another meeting date (ref Table 1 of the document). The expert from OICA explained that there is currently no vision on the future and the strategy of the ad hoc group. He suggested to discuss this item when clarification about the issues and their possible solutions will be available, at the end of the meeting.

Conclusion: item to be discussed again at the end of the meeting (see item XXX).

At the end of the meeting, the Secretary recalled that GRRF did not provide any mandate to the group, rather suggested Japan to discuss with the interested parties on this issue. Hence a simple report to GRRF would be sufficient. Japan said that the meeting permitted to make clear what kind of items must be clarified.

Concordance of existing texts from Japan, ISO, UN lane departure warning system (LDWS), and ADAS design principles pertinent to lane-keeping assist systems.

The Chair questioned how the manufacturers could do today between ITS, LDWS, ISO, Vienna Convention, product liability, UN R79, for approving a vehicle.

Japan presented the document LKAS-01-04. The expert from Japan informed the group that this document was an attempt to cover Industry’s concerns with regard to LKAS.

OICA found that a column showing the items covered by UN R79 was missing (warning, failure modes, whether in the core of the text or in the CEL annex).

The expert from OICA pointed out that each item was covered in some way or another by UN R79, ISO or the current Japanese guidelines. The delegate was seeking clarification about the “purpose” column in the document LKAS-01-04, e.g. the purpose of provisions for operating speed. Japan found this similar to the provisions in the introduction of AEBS regulation. Japan was keen that some fruitful discussions take place on these items.

Presentation on the objectives and considerations behind the proposal to establish technical requirements for lane-keeping assist systems.

Japan explained the Japanese idea of the work per document LKAS-01-03:

• Preventing drivers being confused by poor HMI should the system not be regulated (e.g. confusion on vs. off states of the system)
• Ensuring minimum performance requirements such that the driver knows what minimum system intervention he may expect.

OICA understood the document as a summary of the objectives for the future rule or guidelines, but was keen 1st that all parties have a common understanding of the objectives of the meeting. The delegate suggested to 1st define the status of LKAS.

Japan claimed having already shown justifications for the work, with relevant safety benefits.

Germany questioned whether systems showing the problems shown in slide 1 of the document 01-03 still exist.
Japan clarified that Japanese guidelines prevent these systems from the market.

OICA acknowledged the above, but recalled that Japan is not signatory to UN R79, while other parts of the world are. He added that the current text of UN R79 could prevent poor systems from the market and that no data today show that LKAS has caused any accidents.

Japan informed [of its intention] to sign UN R79 in the near future, hence reviewed its text in depth, and found that the regulation does not well protect from the confusions and issues tabled in document LKAS-01-03. The expert from Japan stressed that this is why Japan proposes guidelines.

CLEPA pointed out the CEL annex of UN R79, which provides all the necessary requirements that the safety of the system must fulfil to get an approval.

The group had a debate on the way to proceed, and agreed that some further discussions and clarifications are still needed, such that the group decided to get back to this item later.

Proposals for LKAS regulatory provisions.

Japan introduced document LKAS-01-05 as a skeleton paper providing the basic requirements and their justifications for a legal document concerning LKAS.

After revision of document LKAS-01-05 by the group, the Chair clarified that his intention was to consider the option of no regulation, and taking account of the LKAS, perhaps per adaptation of UN R79. The Chair stated that the exercise of assessing document LKAS-01-05 with regard to R79 coverage would permit the group to have a view on whether the discussions should take the direction of guidelines, new regulation, amendments to R79 or other. Should the group
decide not to stop discussions, then some further investigation would be needed.

The Netherlands found guidelines inappropriate because ISO standards can already be considered as guidelines. The delegate from the Netherlands added that guidelines would not bring safety benefits, and UNECE would not be the good platform for this type of document. He said that should Contracting Parties want to mandate a system which brings safety improvement, then a regulation would be the right choice. But as long as LKAS is considered a comfort system, then UN R79 adaptation would solve all the issues. The European Commission fully supported the Netherlands.

The Republic of Korea also found that UN R79, perhaps adapted with a new annex dedicated to LKAS, could provide an appropriate basis for addressing LKAS, in particular Annex 6 which provides a concept wide enough for integrating the safety
aspects of a new technology.

Japan found that amendments to UN R79 would be better than guidelines.

Germany mostly agreed with the Netherlands that a new regulation is not a good solution for the
moment. The delegate from Germany added that Germany currently does not want to judge about guidelines vs amendment to UN R79 as the right way to proceed and found that further discussions seem to be needed.

Sweden found amendments to UN R79 as the best way forward.

OICA found necessary that some further investigation is conducted on this. Regarding amending UN R79, it could depend on the added requirements. OICA committed to review all this at the forthcoming GERF meeting.

The Chair concluded that it is too early to consider performance limits. With regard to comfort vs safety, the Chair found that LKAS could be regarded as both, depending on the situation.

Japan presented document LKAS-01-05. The expert from J clarified that in general, the option numbering is from the most severe (1) to the most relax (4).

The Chair found it necessary to study in depth the documents because it shows that, even if the LKAS is covered by different texts, their interpretation is such that the level of performance can differ very much (even be opposite).

Japan was also keen to discuss the document in depth, then decide the way to proceed.

It was suggested to add a column in document LKAS-01-05 showing how UN R79 addresses each item. Conclusion: the group agreed to add a column, for assessing whether the items are covered by R79. The aim was that, at the end of the exercise, the group should decide the way to proceed, i.e. amending UN R79, elaborate new guidelines, or any other option. The Secretariat then created the document LKAS-01-05-Rev.1

Draft list of LKAS regulatory provisions pursuant to the discussions held during the first LKAS expert group session as prepared by the group secretary.

Japan introduced document LKAS-01-05 as a skeleton paper providing the basic requirements and their justifications for a legal document concerning LKAS.

After revision of document LKAS-01-05 by the group, the Chair clarified that his intention was to consider the option of no regulation, and taking account of the LKAS, perhaps per adaptation of UN R79. The Chair stated that the exercise of assessing document LKAS-01-05 with regard to R79 coverage would permit the group to have a view on whether the discussions should take the direction of guidelines, new regulation, amendments to R79 or other. Should the group
decide not to stop discussions, then some further investigation would be needed.

The Netherlands found guidelines inappropriate because ISO standards can already be considered as guidelines. The delegate from the Netherlands added that guidelines would not bring safety benefits, and UNECE would not be the good platform for this type of document. He said that should Contracting Parties want to mandate a system which brings safety improvement, then a regulation would be the right choice. But as long as LKAS is considered a comfort system, then UN R79 adaptation would solve all the issues. The European Commission fully supported the Netherlands.

The Republic of Korea also found that UN R79, perhaps adapted with a new annex dedicated to LKAS, could provide an appropriate basis for addressing LKAS, in particular Annex 6 which provides a concept wide enough for integrating the safety
aspects of a new technology.

Japan found that amendments to UN R79 would be better than guidelines.

Germany mostly agreed with the Netherlands that a new regulation is not a good solution for the
moment. The delegate from Germany added that Germany currently does not want to judge about guidelines vs amendment to UN R79 as the right way to proceed and found that further discussions seem to be needed.

Sweden found amendments to UN R79 as the best way forward.

OICA found necessary that some further investigation is conducted on this. Regarding amending UN R79, it could depend on the added requirements. OICA committed to review all this at the forthcoming GERF meeting.

The Chair concluded that it is too early to consider performance limits. With regard to comfort vs safety, the Chair found that LKAS could be regarded as both, depending on the situation.

Japan presented document LKAS-01-05. The expert from J clarified that in general, the option numbering is from the most severe (1) to the most relax (4).

The Chair found it necessary to study in depth the documents because it shows that, even if the LKAS is covered by different texts, their interpretation is such that the level of performance can differ very much (even be opposite).

Japan was also keen to discuss the document in depth, then decide the way to proceed.

It was suggested to add a column in document LKAS-01-05 showing how UN R79 addresses each item. Conclusion: the group agreed to add a column, for assessing whether the items are covered by R79. The aim was that, at the end of the exercise, the group should decide the way to proceed, i.e. amending UN R79, elaborate new guidelines, or any other option. The Secretariat then created the document LKAS-01-05-Rev.1

Analysis based upon data from the Swedish Traffic Accident Data Acquisition System (STRADA) to inform decision-making on future road safety targets and performance indicators.

Sweden was keen to introduce their vision. The Chair, as representative of Sweden, introduced LKAS-01-09, made by the
Swedish Transmport Administration. Background: project dated 2002. In 2008, a “vision zero” program was established in S. he clarified that the document provides the vision, but the practical goal is reducing by half, i.e. 210 fatalities, the number of
fatalities per year in Sweden. He stressed the following items:

• Page 5: Just after the lauch by s of their program, the EU decided to reduce by half the number of fatalities in 2020 compared to 2010. This made problem to Sweden, with a new goal of 133 fatalities a year. Hence a Swedish working group was established (pages 11 and 13).
• Page 24: the representative of Sweden showed that Industry predicted that 100% of the vehicles would be equipped with LKAS in 2015. It was questioned wether the existing fleet was taken into account.

The expert from OICA pointed out that passenger cars are not driven by trained professionals, rather by usual customers (e.g. rental cars). The experts were informed that in addition, Sweden believes the LKAS to be a corner stone toward autonomous driving (in Sweden, by 2016).

OICA stressed that current LKAS are used only above a certain speed, in straight roads, etc. the experts questionned whether S has the objective of making the system work in all conditions. It was stressed by OICA that there are two kinds of systems currently on the market, comfort systems and safety systems. The expert wondered whether excluding low cost vehicles because the system may be too expensive for them. J was ready to discuss this item, relating to the content of the requirements.