12. The expert from Poland presented GRE-70-41, introducing ECE/TRANS/WP.29/GRE/2013/57 and proposing performance based requirements on initial aiming of dipped-beam headlamps as an alternative to the existing requirements. The proposal received some comments (GRE-70-42). The expert from France requested adding proper tolerances from the Conformity of Production provisions. GRE agreed to revisit this subject (on initial aiming and considering the original 50 m visibility distance requirement) at its next session on the basis of a revised document, which the expert from Poland volunteered to prepare.

12. The expert from Poland introduced a revised proposal ECE/TRANS/WP.29/GRE/2014/11 on initial aiming of dipped-beam headlamps and considering the original 75 +/-25 m visibility distance requirement.

13. GRE was of the view that the study had pointed out that the type of light source and its luminous flux are not the deciding factors in headlamp glare. Instead, the most important factors seem to be the vehicle pitch angle, loading conditions and initial headlamp aim. Therefore, the light source choice (LED) and the light source 2,000 lm criteria in UN Regulation No. 48 were found unnecessarily restrictive and creating barriers to new technologies. Different views were expressed whether automatic levelling should become a requirement for all categories of vehicles and light sources. Operating voltage was also mentioned as an additional factor of glare.

14. GRE invited the experts from Poland, GTB and OICA to submit one coherent proposal for amendments to UN Regulation No. 48 addressing the visibility distance and glare issuto the next GRE session.