US presented basics and findings on the evaluation on costs for AVAS and potential benefits.

Benefits are only financial not taking into account environment. The calculation is done based on reported and unreported crashes (i.e. crashes that occurred but are not reported to the police). 2800 avoided injuries to pedestrians and cycles are expected through the lifetime of MY2016 vehicles due to the anticipate US legislation for QRTV. The estimated benefit of the rule is $178 Mio.

Estimated cost for the speaker are about $30 and $5 extra cost for energy due to increase weight and electricity. In the meanwhile several comments were made in terms of the cost for speakers and NHTSA will have to reassess them. The total cost for 4-wheeled vehicles is $22Mio for 2016 MY. Cost is going to increase with the number of HEV/EVs. Cost for heavy duty trucks cost is higher due to the fact that 2 speaker are requested. Overall cost for medium and heavy duty trucks, buses and motorcycles is estimated to be $1.5Mio. Cost for design and testing is not included. This results in costs for a saved life between $830Mio and $990Mio. This is very cost efficient for NHTSA rulemaking.

Further details of the analysis can be found in the NPRM.

An environmental assessment has been carried out and is available from the website. The analysis of typical US urban driving behavior reveals that the AVAS would be active less than 1% in total US vehicle fleet mileage, assuming a crossover speed of 20kph and 2.3% at 30kph.It concludes that with 50% of vehicle fleet being EV/HEV with AVAS, the overall noise level would increase by 0,9dB(A) compared to the same fleet w/o AVAS. This number does not take into account the increasing number of HEV/EV.