GAR | WP.29 Terminology

3-D H machine

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

A device used for the determination of H points and actual torso angles; also known as a "three-dimensional H point machine". (UN R33)

ACE

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Advanced Compatibility Engineering (in reference to vehicle-on-vehicle crash testing)

ADB

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Adaptive Driving Beam: vehicle headlamp technology

ADR

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road

AER mode

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

All-electric range mode: range measurement mode where the electrified vehicle is driven with electric motor only. The range is the total miles driven electrically before the engine turns on for the first time.

AES

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Auxiliary Emission Strategy (AES) means an emission strategy that becomes active and replaces or modifies the base emission strategy for a specific purpose or purposes and in response to a specific set of ambient and/or operating conditions.

AHS

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Advanced Headlamp System: Toyota Motor Corp. variant on adaptive driving beam (ADB) headlamps.

APF

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Abdominal Peak Force: criteria developed to assess injury risk to the intestines, liver and kidneys.

APTS

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Abdominal Pressure Twin Sensors: soft polyurethane bladders filled with fluid and equipped with pressure sensors used in test dummies (cf: child restraint systems)

ATD

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Anthropomorphic Test Device (i.e., biofidelic crash test dummies)

ATS

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

After-treatment System (related to emissions control)

AVAS

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Presently unstable acronym related to minimum vehicle sound levels. Commonly rendered as Audible Vehicle Alerting Systems, Approaching Vehicle Audible Systems; occasionally Approaching Vehicle Audible Signals

Belt anchorages

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

The parts of the vehicle structure or the seat structure or any other part of the vehicle to which the safety-belt assemblies are to be secured. (UN R14)

BES

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Base Emission Strategy (BES) means an emission strategy that is active throughout the speed and load operating range of the engine unless an Auxiliary Emission Strategy (AES) is activated.

CASPER

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Child Advanced Safety Project for European Roads

CATARC

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

China Automotive Technology and Research Center

CD mode

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Charge-depleting mode: An electrified vehicle operating mode in which the energy storage state-of-charge (SOC) fluctuates but, on average, decreases while the vehicle is driven.

CEL

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Complex electronic control systems, in reference to the safety annex in braking and steering regulations concerning the performance of such systems.

CFC

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Channel Frequency Class: a 4-pole phaseless Butterworth filter used primarily for crash testing and implemented in accordance with ISO 6487.

continuous braking system

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

A type of braking system used in vehicle combinations where the energy used for braking the towing vehicle and its trailer is supplied from the same source.

CoP

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Conformity of Production (procedures to ensure that volume production corresponds to products tested for type approval and for continued compliance after type approval.)

CPA

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Ceramic Printed Area: term used by the Panoramic Sunroof Glazing informal group

CPV

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Composite Pressure Vessel: Storage vessels for gases, such as hydrogen, where the outer shell structure is made of composite materials (as opposed to metal).

CRF

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Child restraint fixture: a device used to test the placement and strength of child restraint system anchorages.

CS mode

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Charge-sustaining mode: An electrified vehicle operating mode in which the energy storage SOC fluctuates but, on average, is maintained at a stable level while the vehicle is driven.

CUNA

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Commissione Tecnica di Unificazione nell'Autoveicolo (Italian vehicle standards and harmonzation organization)

CVS

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Constant Volume Sampler: an apparatus to withdraw a defined and representative sample of exhaust gases produced by an engine in order to enable the measurement of the mass of emissions.

DEF

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Diesel exhaust fluid: a urea-based solution used by Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) devices to reduce NOx emissions from diesel engines.

Defeat Strategy

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Defeat Strategy means an emission strategy that does not meet the performance requirements for a base emission strategy (BES) and/or auxiliary emission strategy (AES) as specified under a regulation.

DEQ

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Equivalent Deflection Criteria (relates to crash test performance of test dummies)

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Deterioration Factors: factors applied to emission test data to approximate emissions at the end of the useful life of an engine.

DOC

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Diesel Oxidation Catalysts

DPF

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Diesel Particulate Filter

DSSA

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Data Storage System for ACSF: a device to record data regarding vehicle situation, driver behavior, and ACSF status in order to enable forensic confirmation of correct ACSF operation in the event of (and including lead up to) a collision.

DUT

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Device under test: abbreviation used in SAE and other technical standards

EEVC

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

European Enhanced Vehicle-safety Committee; sometimes European Electric Vehicle Congress

EGR

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Exhaust Gas Recirculation

Emission Strategy

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Emission Strategy means an element or set of elements of design that is incorporated into the overall design of an engine system or vehicle and used in controlling emissions. An emission strategy consists of one base emission strategy (BES) and usually one or more auxiliary emission strategies (AES).

EMRP

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

European Metrology Research Programme

EMS

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

European Modular System (EMS) is a concept of allowing combinations of existing loading units (modules) into longer and possibly heavier vehicle combinations (e.g., semi-trucks pulling multiple trailers) to be used on some parts of the road network.

EPOCh

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Enabling Protection for Older Children: 2009-11 EU program to improve child restraint systems pursuant to EU directive requiring CRS use for children less than 150 cm tall.

EPPR

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Environmental and Propulsion Performance Requirements

ESA

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

"Electrical/electronic sub-assembly" (ESA) means an electrical and/or electronic device or set(s) of devices intended to be part of a vehicle, together with any associated electrical connections and wiring, which performs one or more specialized functions. An ESA may be approved at the request of a manufacturer or his authorized representative as either a "component" or a "separate technical unit (STU)". (UN R10)

ETC

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

European Test Cycle (relates to emissions and fuel-efficiency test procedures)

EVADER

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Electric Vehicle Alert for Detection and Emergency Response (European tertiary safety program)

FAC

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Femur Acceptability Criterion

FCHV

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Fuel-cell hybrid vehicle

FCI

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Functional Capacity Index: a method to quantify a person's physical capabilities 12 months after sustaining an injury where 100 = full use of all capabilities.

FDIS

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Final Draft International Standard: stage in the promulgation of an ISO standard.

FlexPLI

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Flexible Pedestrian Lower Legform Impactor

FMVSS

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards

FWDB

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Full width deformable barrier (as used in reference to vehicle crash testing)

FWRB

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Full width rigid barrier (as used in reference to vehicle crash testing)

GIDAS

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

German In-Depth Accident Study: an ongoing project between BASt, the University of Hannover, and the Automotive Research Association (FAT). See http://www.gidas.org.

GNSS

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Global Navigation Satellite System: any satellite navigation system with global coverage, such as NAVSTAR GPS (US), GLONASS (Russia), Galileo (EU by 2020) or Beidou (China by 2020).

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

from the French "Groupe de Rapporteurs"; signifies any of the permanent working parties subsidiary to WP.29 (e.g. on noise, lighting, pollution and energy, passive safety, etc.)

GRB

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Working Party on Noise (cf French: Groupe de Rapporteurs sur le Bruit)

GRE

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Working Party on Lighting and Light-signalling Equipment (cf French: Groupe de Rapporteurs sur l'Eclairage)

GRPE

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Working Party on Pollution and Energy (cf French: Groupe de Rapporteurs sur la Pollution et l'Energie)

GRRF

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Working Party on Brakes and Running Gear (cf French: Groupe de Rapporteurs sur le Roulement et le Freinage)

GRSG

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Working Party on General Safety (cf French: Groupe de Rapporteurs sur la Sécurité Générale)

GRSP

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Working Party on Passive Safety (cf French: Groupe de Rapporteurs sur la Sécurité Passive)

GSA

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Europe: European Global Navigation Satellite Systems Agency; USA: General Services Administration

GSMA

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

GSM Association, international association of mobile telecommunications system operators

GTR

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Global Technical Regulation

H point

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

The theoretical, relative location of an occupant's hip (hence H point), specifically the pivot point between the torso and upper leg portions of the body.
The pivot center of the torso and the thigh of a 3-D H machine installed in a vehicle seat. The H point is located in the center of the center-line which is between the H point sight buttons on either side of the 3-D H machine. The H point corresponds theoretically to the R point. Once determined, the H point is considered fixed in relation to the seat cushion structure (i.e., to move with the seat when adjusted). (UN R33)

HARA

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Hazard Analysis and Risk Assessment

HDH

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Heavy-duty hybrid

HEV

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Hybrid electric vehicle

HIC

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Head Injury Criterion

HMI

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Human Machine Interface

IIWPG

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

International Insurance Whiplash Prevention Group

ISC

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Internal Short Circuit: acronym used in the context of electric vehicle safety discussion, especially thermal propagation and fire risks; In-service conformity: refers to in-use testing, for example, as in vehicle emissions testing using PEMS.

KSI

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Killed or seriously injured; traffic collision events where a person sustained a major or fatal injury

L-IWVTA

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Limited International Whole Vehicle Type Approval: Type approval to a lower level of stringency (to earlier versions of regulations and/or no type approvals)

LHSS

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Liquefied hydrogen storage system: liquefied hydrogen storage container(s), pressure relief device(s), shut-off device(s), boil-off system and any piping and fittings between these components.

LNC

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Lean NOx Catalyst: Catalysts selectively promoting the reduction of NOx by hydrocarbon combustion gases.

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Malfunction indicator

MPR

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Minimum Performance Requirement, especially used in EV battery durability regulations.

MRM

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Minimal Risk Maneuver: under automated driving functions, an automated system response to ensure vehicle safety in the absence of a driver response to a demand to assume control of the vehicle.

MSA

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Market Surveillance Authority: term for in-use compliance and enforcement authority (as opposed to type approval authority focus on certification prior to market entry).

NASVA

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

National Agency for Automotive Safety & Victim's Aid (Japan)

NOVC

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Not-off-vehicle charging: a system to recharge a hybrid vehicle's electrochemical energy storage system with electricity from an interal vehicle source.

NPACS

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

New Program for the Assessment of Child-restraint Systems

NTCAS

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

National Technical Committee for Automotive Standardization: department within the China Automotive Technology and Research Center (CATARC)

OATS

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Open Area Test Site: refers to testing location for radiated emissions assessments (e.g., electromagnetic waves)

OEDR

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

object and event detection and response: term used under SAE J3016 with regard to automated driving systems.

OICA

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

International Organization of Vehicle Manufacturers (cf, French Organisation Internationale des Constructeurs d'Automobiles)

ORB

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

(Rigid) Override Barrier (as used in vehicle compatibility crash testing)

ORD

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Observer Rating of Drowsiness

OUL

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Outside of Useful Life: reference to US EPA regulatory definitions of engine "useful life" during which period an engine must meet emissions performance requirements.

Outboard

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

With reference to seating, this term means a position adjacent to a door of the vehicle.

OVC

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Off-vehicle charging: a system to recharge a hybrid vehicle's electrochemical energy storage system with electricity from an external source (such as the electric utility grid).

PADI

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Procedures for Assembly, Disassembly, and Inspection

PBC

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Peak braking coefficient: the measure of tire to road surface friction based on the maximum deceleration of a rolling tire.

PDI-2

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

The Pedestrian Detection Impactor 2 was developed jointly by the Altran Concept Tech GmbH and ACEA to test sensor systems for active pedestrian protection systems (e.g. active engine bonnets).

PEAS

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Primary Energy Absorbing Structures (in reference to vehicle crash testing)

PEMS

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Portable Emissions Measurement System

PEV

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Plug-in electric vehicle

PLSDF

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Point light source detection factor as it pertains to the representation of headlamps and other light sources in camera-monitor systems (UN R46)

PMHS

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Post-Mortem Human Subject

PMI

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

With regard to injury criteria, permanent medical impairment.

PRD

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Pressure-relief device

PSAP

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Public Safety Answering Point (sometimes, public safety access point) used in emergency call services.

PSPF

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Pubic Symphysis Peak Force: maximum force measured by a load cell at the pubic symphysis of the pelvis

R point

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

A design point defined by the vehicle manufacturer for each seating position and established with respect to the three-dimensional reference system. (UN R33)

R&R

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

With regard to test procedures, repeatability and reproducibility (i.e., the degree to which a procedure produces consistent results over multiple iterations).

RCB

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

REESS Charge Balance: the charge balance of the rechargeable energy storage system of an electrified vehicle (proposed for measurement in Ah under GTR No. 15).

Rcda

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Actual charge-depleting range (of an electric vehicle) represents the distance driven under charge-depleting conditions until the electric storage is empty.

RDC

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Rib Deflection Criterion

REC

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Retrofit Emissions Control (relates to regulation of retrofit emissions control devices)

REESS

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Rechargeable Electrical Energy Storage System: term to cover Li-ion batteries and any other devices for the storage of energy to power electrified vehicles.

RFT

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Run-Flat Tire

RFWS

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Run-Flat Warning System (in relation to tires)

RLD

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Road Load Determination: adjustment made to a chassis dynamometer to simulate on-road experience.

RMSSE

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

root mean squared speed error: A measure of the difference between values predicted by a model and the values actually observed, discussed under WLTP emissions procedure validation testing.

RSS

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Responsibility-Sensitive Safety: A mathematical model developed by Mobileye to enable automated driving systems to mimic human driver judgment in navigating road interactions. See https://www.mobileye.com/responsibility-sensitive-safety/

RVCR

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Regulation of Vehicle Construction Requirements: a European Union framework regulation for motor vehicles

RVFSR

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Regulation on vehicle functional safety requirements

Sailing

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Sailing involves the decoupling of the engine from the drive shaft, enabling hybrid vehicles to cruise (or "sail") on battery power alone until such time as the engine needs to be restarted to generate electricity and/or resume the torque functions.

SCR

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Selective Catalytic Reduction: active emissions control technology system used in diesel engines.

SDWEE

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Service doors, windows, and emergency exits (in relation to buses and motor coaches)

SEAS

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Secondary Energy Absorbing Structures (in reference to vehicle crash testing)

semi-continuous braking system

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

A type of braking system used in vehicle combinations where the energy used for braking the towing vehicle and its trailer is supplied from two different sources.

SET

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Seat Evaluation Tool(s)

SOC

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

State of Charge (related to electric vehicle testing and specifically battery charge levels)

SSRT

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Slow-strain-rate tensile properties; used with regard to hydrogen safety. The effects of external and internal hydrogen have been known to significantly reduce metals ductility resulting in cracks and brittleness.

TAAM

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Type Approval Authorities Meeting

TEMA

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Transport tEchnology and Mobility Assessment Platform: Big data platform, based on GPS mobility data and interfaced with GIS-based digital geographic mapping systems, to provide driving behaviour information to support assessments of real-world vehicle emissions and fuel/energy consumption.

ThAC

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Thorax Acceptability Criterion

THUMS

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Total Human Model for Safety: Toyota-developed highly detailed digital representations of human bodies for use in crash test simulations

TPM

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Tire-Pressure Monitoring

TPMS

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Tire-Pressure Monitoring System

TPRD

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Thermally activated pressure relief device

U-IWVTA

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Universal International Whole Vehicle Type Approval: Type approval pursuant to the highest level of stringency of the latest version of the UN Regulations listed in UN R0.

UBE

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Usable battery energy (difference between a fully depleted battery and its fully charged state)

UNECE

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

United Nations Economic Commission for Europe

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Viscous Criterion (velocity of compression); AKA soft tissue criterion; an injury criterion for the chest area.

WAD

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Whiplash Associated Disorders: an injury severity scale developed in Canada in 1991 and now used worldwide to assess whiplash injuries.

WHTC

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Worldwide Harmonized Transient Cycle: test cycle for the certification of heavy-duty vehicle engines under GTR No. 4

WHVC

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Worldwide Harmonized Vehicle Cycle: heavy-duty vehicle test cycle as developed under GTR No. 4

WLTC

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Worldwide harmonized Light duty driving Test Cycle (emissions and fuel consumption test procedures)

WTVC

Vehicle Category Definitions under UN Agreements

Worldwide Transient Vehicle Cycle: WTVC test cycle is derived from real-world driving of vehicles in Europe, Japan and in the US and it covers several different powertrains from 3.5 tonnes up to 40 tonnes.