Text adopted by the GRPE to amend Regulation No. 49 in order to establish provisions for the type-approval of heavy-duty dual-fuel vehicles.

Proposal to amend the provisions of Annexes 9B and 9C (with respect to the on-board diagnostic communication protocol) and to clarify some concerns identified during the preparation of legislation implementing the Euro VI emission levels.

Proposes the modifications (essentially corrections of mistakes) are derived from the text of document ECE/TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/2021/7 from Japan, related to UN GTR 04, as modified by Informal Document GRPE- 82-09

GRPE-approved text, based on a proposal prepared by the Euro VI Expert Working Group of the European Commission to revise the 06 series of amendments to UN R49 in order to address situations that were not covered by the latest series of amendments and to clarify the text.

Proposal as approved by the GRPE to introduce type-approval provisions for vehicles equipped with LNG propulsion systems and to extend the pollutant emission requirements of the regulation to dual-fuel heavy duty engines and vehicles.

Proposal makes changes to take into consideration the availability of gases for flame ionization detectors and the linearization of the gas analyzer.
UN R49 defines no linearity requirements for humidity sensors. As the humidity content of the intake air is an essential measure for the calculation of the specific exhaust emission, it is important to add requirement for humidity sensor (Reference: ISO 16183 the accuracy of the absolute humidity shall be +- 5%).

As the gas divider is a necessary tool to verify the linearization of the gas analyzer it is mandatory that the deviation of the gas divider is lower than that of the instrument under test. In combination with a calibration gas which has an accuracy of 1 % and a gas divider, which has an accuracy of 1 % it is only possible to reach a guaranteed analyzer accuracy of 2 %.

In the automotive industry Helium is used as so fuel gas for flame ionization detectors (FID) to measure Hydrocarbon emissions. In the FID fuel gas Helium is mixed with Hydrogen in a ratio of 40 % H2 and 60 % He. The annual fluctuations of the helium global market lead to an insufficient supply with FID fuel gas, like happened lately during summer 2018. In order to prevent the industry from the fluctuations of the global helium market, the US legislation reacted already in 2014 and allowed the usage of Nitrogen as batch gas for the FID fuel gas.

Proposal to adapt certain requirements to the current state of technology and to transpose the latest decisions of the European Union (EU) regarding on-board diagnostics (OBD) threshold limits.

The scope of EU Euro VI standards for heavy-duty vehicles has been expanded compared with Euro V. In order to prevent inconsistencies that could affect the ability to offer all vehicles for export, this proposal would apply the expanded scope retrospectively to the 05 series of amendments to UN R49. This proposal was adopted by the Working Party on Pollution and Energy (GRPE) at its 68th session based on document GRPE/2014/6, not amended.

Proposal to

• align the requirements related to measurement equipment linearity verification with the Regulation No. 96,
• adapt the requirements related to fuel injection malfunction monitoring (On-Board Diagnostic systems) to the current state of technology, and
• correct the documentation requirements for off-cycle emissions.

Proposal to align the requirements related to measurement equipment linearity verification in Regulation No. 49 to the provisions in Regulation No. 96.

Proposal to improve the “random check requirement” and define the rounding of test results calculated according to Annex 4A in the 05 series of amendments.

Proposal to correct and clarify the text, including to

1. correct the constants for equation (34) to calculate exhaust mass flow using carbon balance method,
2. correct constants used for CVS verification,
3. correct the formula for regression analysis according to Annex 4, Appendix 3, and
4. correct the rise time (to 3.5 s from 2.5 s) for the PEM analyzers under paragraph A.2.2.1. of the 06 series.

Proposal to introduce provisions to align UN R49 with recently introduced stage D EU legislation in order enable manufacturers to continue to utilize the provisions in paragraph 4 of Annex 9A to approve light commercial vehicles with a light duty OBD architecture under this regulation. This proposal incorporates all of the provisions of the latest amendment to EU legislation. As stage D is unrelated to OBD, the proposal is to make stage C and all subsequent stages equivalent to EOBD 6-2. The proposal corrects

1. the constants for equation (34) to calculate exhaust mass flow using carbon balance method,
2. the constants used for CVS verification,
3. the formula for regression analysis according to Annex 4, Appendix 3, and
4. the rise time (to 3.5 s from 2.5 s) for the PEM analyzers under paragraph A.2.2.1. of the 06 series.

Proposal to introduce new requirements relating to Auxiliary Emission Strategies, cold engine starts and the use of Portable Emissions Measurement Systems (PEMS) to measure particle numbers.

Proposal from GRPE to correct and improve provisions with respect to humidity and hydrocarbon measurements.

Proposal from GRPE to correct and clarify the text and to introduce linearity requirements for humidity sensors to address humidity content measurement for the calculation of the specific exhaust emission.

Proposal from GRPE to introduce provisions for the approval of a vehicle type with an approved engine with regard to their emission of pollutants, and the reporting of the CO2 emissions and fuel consumption for type approval of vehicles with a reference mass exceeding 2,380 kg but not exceeding 2,610 kg.

Proposal to permit the use of hydrogen (H2) as fuel for emissions type approval of heavy-duty vehicles, to insert provisions in Supplement 7 to the 06 series that were unintentionally omitted, to add a requirement for the accuracy of the humidity sensor, correct a typographical error (NOx mode), and to clarify the procedures.

Proposal to correct drafting errors in the text.

Proposal to permit the use of hydrogen (H2) as fuel for emissions type-approval of heavy duty vehicles.

Proposal to permit the use of hydrogen (H2) as fuel for emissions type-approval of heavy duty vehicles and to introduce an option to measure the total hydrocarbon (THC) emissions instead of measuring the non-methane hydrocarbon emissions in certain cases.

Proposal to remove additions to non-existing part of the 06 series of amendments (delete the PEMS PM number).

Proposal aims to clarify the measurement data.

Proposal to introduce new provisions to accommodate type-approval of hydrogen Type 1A dual fuel engines and vehicles, modifications to include Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Quantum Cascade Laser (QCL) instruments and new provisions to accommodate monitoring on-board fuel and/or energy consumption during PEMS testing.