In 2008, Spain proposed the development of a UNECE Regulation to govern the installation and use of child restraint systems in M2 and M3 category vehicles (buses and coaches).

The installation and use of seat belts in such vehicles is mandatory in Europe under Directive 2003/20/EC. However, this directive and the related UNECE Regulations only concern adults.

Adult safety belts are not appropriate to restrain minors with a lower height than 135 cm and a lower weight than 36 Kg. Therefore, the use of safety belts for minors is not required under current regulations.

Moreover, UNECE R44 on child restraint systems focuses on M1 vehicles and therefore fails to address child safety on buses.