1. The World Forum for Harmonization of Vehicle Regulations (WP.29) held its 191st session from 14 to 16 November 2023 , chaired by Mr. A. Erario (Italy). The following countries were represented, following Rule 1 of the Rules of Procedure of WP.29 (ECE/TRANS/WP.29/690/Rev.2): Algeria, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, China, Colombia, Czech Republic, Egypt, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, India, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, Latvia, Lebanon, Luxembourg, Malaysia, Netherlands, Nigeria, Norway, Poland, Republic of Korea, Romania, Russian Federation, Slovakia, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Togo, Tunisia, Ukraine, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, United States of America, Viet Nam, and Zimbabwe. Representatives of the European Union participated. The following international organization was represented: International Telecommunication Union (ITU). The following non-governmental organizations were also represented: Association for Emissions Control by Catalyst (AECC), Consumers International (CI), European Association of Automotive Suppliers (CLEPA/MEMA/JAPIA) , Organisation Technique eropéenne du Pneumatique et de la Jante ADF (ETRTO), European Tyre and Rubber Manufacturers’ Association (ETRMA) [International Motor Vehicle Inspection Committee (CITA), Fédération International de l’Automobile (FIA), Fédération internationale des véhicules anciens (FIVA), International Automotive Lighting and Light Signalling Expert Group (GTB), International Motorcycle Manufacturers Association (IMMA), International Organization of Motor Vehicle Manufacturers (OICA), International Standards Organization (ISO), European Tyre and Rim Technical Association (ETRTO) and SAE International. Other non-governmental organizations were represented following Rule 1(d): American Automotive Policy Council (AAPC), and World Bicycle Industry Association (WBIA). Other non-governmental organizations, private sector entities, independent experts and observers were represented: EuroMed Transport Support Project, 3DATX Europe and The Pew Charitable Trust. Some 150 participants attended the session in person.