1. The Working Party on Pollution and Energy (GRPE) held its seventy-sixth session from 9 to 12 January 2018, with Mr. A. Rijnders (Netherlands) as Chair. Experts from the following countries participated in the work following Rule 1(a) of the Rules of Procedure of the World Forum for Harmonization of Vehicle Regulations (WP.29) (TRANS/WP.29/690, as amended): Austria; Canada; China; Czech Republic; France; Germany; Hungary; India; Italy; Japan; Netherlands; Norway; Poland; Republic of Korea (Korea); Romania, Russian Federation; San Marino; Spain; Sweden; Switzerland; United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (UK) and the United States of America (USA). Experts from the European Commission (EC) also participated. Experts from the following non-governmental organizations took part in the session: Association for Emissions Control by Catalyst (AECC); European Liquefied Petroleum Gas Association (AEGPL); International Motor Vehicle Inspection Committee (CITA); European Association of Automobile Suppliers (CLEPA/MEMA/JAPIA); European Garage Equipment Association (EGEA); European Tyre & Rubber Manufacturers Association (ETRMA); European Association of Internal Combustion Engine Manufacturers (EUROMOT); International Automobile Federation International Automobile Federation (FIA); International Association for Natural Gas Vehicles (IANGV/NGV Global); International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT); International Motorcycle Manufacturers Association (IMMA) and International Organization of Motor Vehicle Manufacturers (OICA).

2. GRPE adopted the provisional agenda prepared for the seventy-sixth session (ECE/TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/2018/1 and Add.1), as updated and consolidated in GRPE-76-11, including the informal documents tabled for the session that were submitted by 8 January 2018. GRPE took note of GRPE-76-01 on the organization of GRPE Informal Working Group (IWG) meetings held during the week.

GRPE-76-11 | GRPE-76: Updated and consolidated provisional agenda

GRPE/2018/1 | Provisional agenda for the 76th (January 2018) GRPE session

GRPE/2018/1/Add.1 | Annotated provisional agenda for the 76th (January 2018) GRPE session

3. The informal documents distributed before and during the GRPE session are listed in Annex I of the session report. Annex II lists the informal meetings held in conjunction with the GRPE session. Annex III lists the IWGs of GRPE, task forces and subgroups, giving details on their Chairs, Secretaries and the end of mandates.

4. The secretariat introduced GRPE-76-09, announcing that the next GRPE session would take place on 6-8 June 2018 and recalling the corresponding deadline (9 March 2018) for the submission of official documents. The Chairs and Secretaries of IWGs were invited to approach the secretariat to define the calendar of IWGs meetings for the June 2018 GRPE session.

GRPE-76-09 | General information for the January 2018 GRPE session

5. The Officer-in-Charge of the Sustainable Transport Division informed GRPE of the selection of a new GRPE Secretary following the resignation of Mr. Gangonells. He thanked Mr. Guichard for having temporarily assumed the role of Secretary of GRPE until a new staff member would be recruited. He also informed GRPE of the nomination of Mr. Li Yuwei as newly appointed Director for the Division following the retirement of Ms. E. Molnar.

6. The secretariat introduced GRPE-76-10 and reported on relevant items discussed during the 172nd and 173rd sessions of the World Forum for Harmonization of Vehicle Regulations (WP.29). The Secretary referred to ECE/TRANS/WP.29/1131 and ECE/TRANS/WP.29/1135 for further details.

GRPE-76-10 | GRPE highlights from the June and November 2017 WP.29 sessions

WP.29/1131 | Report of the World Forum on its 172nd (June 2017) session

WP.29/1135 | Report of the World Forum on its 173rd (November 2017) session

7. The expert from OICA introduced ECE/TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/2018/6 proposing an editorial correction that removes possible misinterpretation. GRPE adopted the proposal.

GRPE/2018/6 | Proposal for a new Supplement to the 06 and 07 series of amendments to Regulation No. 83 Proposal to clarify the text with regard to the extension of approvals for category N vehicles in order to avoid a possible misinterpretation that extensions may not be granted to vehicles with a reference mass greater than the mass of the type-approved vehicle.

8. The expert from OICA introduced ECE/TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/2018/7 aimed at clarifying provisions on Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) systems. The expert from EC proposed editorial corrections (GRPE-76-34) to ECE/TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/2018/7. GRPE adopted the proposal as reproduced in Annex IV of the session report.

GRPE-76-34 | UN R83: Proposal for amendments to document GRPE/2018/7 Updated proposal to adapt the 06 and 07 series of amendments to Regulation No. 83 to Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) warning and inducement systems to current vehicles, emissions requirements and reagent infrastructure. In light of further vehicle weight reduction for CO2 optimization and the resultant use of smaller AdBlue® reagent tanks, this proposal would allow for reagent refill inducement warnings as a percentage of tank capacity or as a function of the average driving range with a complete tank of fuel.

GRPE/2018/7 | Proposal for a new Supplement to the 06 and 07 series of amendments to Regulation No. 83 Proposal to adapt the 06 and 07 series of amendments to Regulation No. 83 to Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) warning and inducement systems to current vehicles, emissions requirements and reagent infrastructure. In light of further vehicle weight reduction for CO2 optimization and the resultant vehicle packaging challenges, diesel cars will likely have smaller AdBlue® reagent tanks. For passenger cars, the warning indicator to refill AdBlue® has to be activated at 2,400 km of remaining reagent range which could result in very frequent refills of smaller reagent tanks. This proposal would allow for reagent refill inducement warnings as a percentage of tank capacity or as a function of the average driving range with a complete tank of fuel.

9. GRPE requested the secretariat to submit ECE/TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/2018/6 and Annex IV to the report to WP.29 and the Administrative Committee of the 1958 Agreement (AC.1) for consideration and vote at their June 2018 sessions as draft Supplements 11 and 7 to the 06 and the 07 series of amendments to UN Regulation No. 83.

GRPE-76-34 | UN R83: Proposal for amendments to document GRPE/2018/7 Updated proposal to adapt the 06 and 07 series of amendments to Regulation No. 83 to Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) warning and inducement systems to current vehicles, emissions requirements and reagent infrastructure. In light of further vehicle weight reduction for CO2 optimization and the resultant use of smaller AdBlue® reagent tanks, this proposal would allow for reagent refill inducement warnings as a percentage of tank capacity or as a function of the average driving range with a complete tank of fuel.

GRPE/2018/6 | Proposal for a new Supplement to the 06 and 07 series of amendments to Regulation No. 83 Proposal to clarify the text with regard to the extension of approvals for category N vehicles in order to avoid a possible misinterpretation that extensions may not be granted to vehicles with a reference mass greater than the mass of the type-approved vehicle.

GRPE/2018/7 | Proposal for a new Supplement to the 06 and 07 series of amendments to Regulation No. 83 Proposal to adapt the 06 and 07 series of amendments to Regulation No. 83 to Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) warning and inducement systems to current vehicles, emissions requirements and reagent infrastructure. In light of further vehicle weight reduction for CO2 optimization and the resultant vehicle packaging challenges, diesel cars will likely have smaller AdBlue® reagent tanks. For passenger cars, the warning indicator to refill AdBlue® has to be activated at 2,400 km of remaining reagent range which could result in very frequent refills of smaller reagent tanks. This proposal would allow for reagent refill inducement warnings as a percentage of tank capacity or as a function of the average driving range with a complete tank of fuel.

10. The expert from OICA also presented GRPE-76-22 introducing GRPE-76-03 and GRPE-76-04, proposing to clarify the rules related to the selection of driving modes for testing of Off-Vehicle-Charging Hybrid Electric Vehicles (OVC-HEV). The Netherlands had some comments on the proposals GRPE-76-03 and GRPE-76-04 since the new text opens the door for interpretation plus the absence of any type approval authority confirmation. The Chair asked the cooperation of OICA and the Netherlands to work on an improved text. GRPE supported the intention of the proposal.

GRPE-76-03 | UN R101: Proposal for Supplements to the 06 and 07 series of amendments Proposal to clarify the procedures and requirements related to the selection of driving modes for testing of OVC-HEV vehicles with a mode selection switch.

GRPE-76-04 | UN R83: Proposal for a new Supplement to the 06 and 07 series of amendments Proposal to clarify the procedures and requirements related to the selection of driving modes for testing of OVC-HEV vehicles with a mode selection switch.

GRPE-76-22 | OVC-HEV Certification according to UN R83/R101 OICA request for clarification over whether the test results should reflect the energy (fuel and electric energy) used for vehicle propulsion or the energy used for vehicle propulsion <u>and</u> for energy conversion (recharging the battery – fuel energy to electric energy).

11. The expert from EC presented GRPE-76-32 proposing to amend the definitions for bi-fuel vehicles and align these definitions with those in UN Global Technical Regulation (UN GTR) No. 15. GRPE supported the intention of the proposal.

GRPE-76-32 | UN R83: Proposal for amendments to the 06 and 07 series of amendments Proposal of amendments to:<ol class="alpha"><li>align the definitions for bi-fuel vehicles align with the new definitions in UN GTR 15,</li><li>amend paragraph 5.3.1.2.4. to recognize that particulate pollutant emissions measurements are no longer limited to compression ignition vehicles,</li><li>amend paragraph 7.4.4.3. of Annex 7 to correct a typographical error,</li><li>amend paragraph 3.2.1.of Annex 8 to correct an error originating with UN R83 Revision 3 (2005),</li><li>amend paragraph 6.5.3.5. to correct a cross-reference error introduced in Amendment 1 (reference should read para. 6.5.3.3. rather than 6.5.3.2.) and should refer to the "annex" rather than the "appendix".</li></ol>

12. GRPE agreed to reconsider at the June 2018 session GRPE-76-03, GRPE-76-04 and GRPE-76-32. GRPE requested the experts from OICA and EC to combine the documents in one formal document.

GRPE-76-03 | UN R101: Proposal for Supplements to the 06 and 07 series of amendments Proposal to clarify the procedures and requirements related to the selection of driving modes for testing of OVC-HEV vehicles with a mode selection switch.

GRPE-76-04 | UN R83: Proposal for a new Supplement to the 06 and 07 series of amendments Proposal to clarify the procedures and requirements related to the selection of driving modes for testing of OVC-HEV vehicles with a mode selection switch.

GRPE-76-32 | UN R83: Proposal for amendments to the 06 and 07 series of amendments Proposal of amendments to:<ol class="alpha"><li>align the definitions for bi-fuel vehicles align with the new definitions in UN GTR 15,</li><li>amend paragraph 5.3.1.2.4. to recognize that particulate pollutant emissions measurements are no longer limited to compression ignition vehicles,</li><li>amend paragraph 7.4.4.3. of Annex 7 to correct a typographical error,</li><li>amend paragraph 3.2.1.of Annex 8 to correct an error originating with UN R83 Revision 3 (2005),</li><li>amend paragraph 6.5.3.5. to correct a cross-reference error introduced in Amendment 1 (reference should read para. 6.5.3.3. rather than 6.5.3.2.) and should refer to the "annex" rather than the "appendix".</li></ol>

13. GRPE reviewed the letter sent by the expert from Malta (GRPE-76-17). GRPE noted the statements of some delegations informing GRPE that they faced similar requests in the past and reporting that no evidence was provided that could convince of the environmental benefits of such retrofitted systems. GRPE noted also the need to verify the safety performance of such systems as the risk caused by the presence of hydrogen onboard of road vehicle is not insignificant. Experts from the automotive industry stated that they had reviewed the performance of such systems and that, due to the regulatory pressure on the industry concerning the CO2 performance of their products, they would have introduced such technologies on their vehicles, if the benefits would have been demonstrated. They also noted that hydrogen cause damage to the materials used in engines and that the retrofitting such systems on existing vehicles not foreseen for the use on hydrogen could pose durability issues. GRPE requested the secretariat to note in the session report that GRPE has not received sufficient evidences of benefits from these systems to start regulatory activities. GRPE expressed the idea that any country willing to approve such system on the national basis may wish to take into consideration the usual emission tests (Types I, II, III, and IV), low temperature tests, the durability (including Type V) and OBD provisions.

GRPE-76-17 | Retrofitting of hydrogen generators on road vehicles Request for guidance from Transport Malta regarding a request to fit vehicles with a device capable of generating hydrogen from water for use as fuel for in a combustion engine.

14. The Chair of the IWG on the Worldwide harmonized Light vehicles Test Procedures (WLTP) reported on the ongoing activities (GRPE-76-25). He confirmed that the IWG on WLTP would need some additional time to finalize all Phase 2 activities due to the complex and heavy workload. The Chair of GRPE noted that the mandate of the IWG on WLTP had been extended until December 2019.

GRPE-76-25 | Status report of the WLTP informal group

15. The Chair of the IWG on WLTP introduced ECE/TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/2018/2 proposing the draft Amend. 4. to UN GTR No. 15 as well as the corresponding report ECE/TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/2018/8 on the development of this amendment.

GRPE/2018/2 | Proposal for Amendment 4 to global technical regulation No. 15 Proposal of amendments to the light vehicle emissions GTR (WLTP) pursuant to the "phase 2" mandate of the WLTP informal group. This proposal is also available in a marked-up version with changes tracked in <a href="http://www.unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/trans/doc/2017/wp29grpe/ECE-TRANS-WP29-GRPE-2018-02e_track.docx">word</a> and <a href="http://www.unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/trans/doc/2017/wp29grpe/ECE-TRANS-WP29-GRPE-2018-02e_track.pdf">pdf</a> formats.

GRPE/2018/8 | Proposal for the technical report on the development of Amendment 4 to global technical regulation No. 15 Report on the development of Amendment 4 to GTR 15. Amendment 4 is part of the second phase development of the GTR mandated to:<ol class="alpha"><li>Introduce definitions of response time, delay time and rise time harmonized with those in GTR Nos. 4 and 11</li><li>Introduce improvements to the gear shifting procedures</li><li>Ensure consistency in the use of the terms accuracy, precision, resolution, tolerance, repeatability and deviation</li><li>Address bi-fuel and bi-fuel gas vehicles in accordance with UN R83</li><li>Clearly define the appropriate positioning of payload mass (25 kg plus the mass of vehicle load)</li><li>Correct terminology such as "classes of rolling resistance coefficients"</li><li>Correct minor spelling and/or punctuation mistakes, and restructuring some paragraphs</li><li>orrect some equations and to make them all consistent with Word's use of mathematical symbols</li><li>Exclude all Rechargeable Electric Energy Storage Systems (REESSs) that do not contribute to vehicle propulsion from monitoring</li><li>etter define the purity of certain gases such as nitrogen and synthetic air</li><li>Define more specifically the difference in mass of CO2 during charge sustaining between the test with the highest and lowest positive and negative electric energy charge</li></ol>

16. The drafting coordinator of the IWG on WLTP presented amendments to ECE/TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/2018/2 as reflected in GRPE-76-26-Rev.1 on amendments to GTR No. 15.

GRPE-76-26/Rev.1 | GTR 15: Proposal for amendments to ECE/TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/2018/2 Revised proposal from the WLTP informal group pursuant to GRPE-76 discussions for Amendment 4 under the Phase 2 development of GTR 15.

17. GRPE adopted ECE/TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/2018/2 as amended by Addendum 1 to the session report (ECE/TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/76/Add.1) and requested the secretariat to submit it to WP.29 and the Executive Committee of the 1998 Agreement (AC.3) for consideration and vote at their June 2018 sessions as draft Amendment 4 to GTR No. 15. GRPE also adopted the technical report
(ECE/TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/2018/8) and requested the secretariat to submit it to WP.29 and AC.3 for consideration and vote at their June 2018 sessions.

GRPE-76-26/Rev.1 | GTR 15: Proposal for amendments to ECE/TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/2018/2 Revised proposal from the WLTP informal group pursuant to GRPE-76 discussions for Amendment 4 under the Phase 2 development of GTR 15.

GRPE/2018/2 | Proposal for Amendment 4 to global technical regulation No. 15 Proposal of amendments to the light vehicle emissions GTR (WLTP) pursuant to the "phase 2" mandate of the WLTP informal group. This proposal is also available in a marked-up version with changes tracked in <a href="http://www.unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/trans/doc/2017/wp29grpe/ECE-TRANS-WP29-GRPE-2018-02e_track.docx">word</a> and <a href="http://www.unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/trans/doc/2017/wp29grpe/ECE-TRANS-WP29-GRPE-2018-02e_track.pdf">pdf</a> formats.

GRPE/2018/8 | Proposal for the technical report on the development of Amendment 4 to global technical regulation No. 15 Report on the development of Amendment 4 to GTR 15. Amendment 4 is part of the second phase development of the GTR mandated to:<ol class="alpha"><li>Introduce definitions of response time, delay time and rise time harmonized with those in GTR Nos. 4 and 11</li><li>Introduce improvements to the gear shifting procedures</li><li>Ensure consistency in the use of the terms accuracy, precision, resolution, tolerance, repeatability and deviation</li><li>Address bi-fuel and bi-fuel gas vehicles in accordance with UN R83</li><li>Clearly define the appropriate positioning of payload mass (25 kg plus the mass of vehicle load)</li><li>Correct terminology such as "classes of rolling resistance coefficients"</li><li>Correct minor spelling and/or punctuation mistakes, and restructuring some paragraphs</li><li>orrect some equations and to make them all consistent with Word's use of mathematical symbols</li><li>Exclude all Rechargeable Electric Energy Storage Systems (REESSs) that do not contribute to vehicle propulsion from monitoring</li><li>etter define the purity of certain gases such as nitrogen and synthetic air</li><li>Define more specifically the difference in mass of CO2 during charge sustaining between the test with the highest and lowest positive and negative electric energy charge</li></ol>

GRPE/76/Add.1 | GTR 15: WLTP GTR pursuant to Amendment 4 Consolidated version of GTR 15 including the draft Amendment 4 as approved by the Working Party on Pollution and Energy. The amended GTR will be considered for adoption during the June 2018 World Forum session.

18. As introduced by the Chair of the IWG on WLTP, GRPE also adopted ECE/TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/2018/4 (amended by GRPE-76-05) as reproduced in Addendum 2 to the session report (ECE/TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/76/Add.2), proposing draft Amend. 1 to the UN GTR No. 19 (WLTP EVAP) as well as the corresponding report on the development of this amendment (GRPE-76-06-Rev.1) as reproduced in Annex V. GRPE requested the secretariat to submit Addendum 2 and Annex V to WP.29 and AC.3 for consideration and vote at their June 2018 sessions as draft Amendment 1 to GTR No. 19.

GRPE-76-05 | GTR 19: Proposal for amendments to the draft Amendment 1 (GRPE/2018/4) Proposal from the Evaporative Task Force of the Informal Working Group (IWG) on the Worldwide harmonized Light vehicles Test Procedure (WLTP) to improve the text of the draft Amendment 1 to GTR 19 with regard to evaporative emissions from fuel tanks.

GRPE-76-06/Rev.1 | GTR 19: Amended technical report on the development of Amendment 1

GRPE/2018/4 | Proposal for Amendment 1 to global technical regulation No. 19 Proposal for amendments to GTR 19 pursuant to the "Phase 2" mandate of the WLTP informal group. This proposal addresses the evaporative emissions test procedure for sealed fuel tank systems. Versions of this proposal highlighting the changes are available in <a href="http://www.unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/trans/doc/2017/wp29grpe/ECE-TRANS-WP29-GRPE-2018-04e__track_.docx">word</a> and <a href="http://www.unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/trans/doc/2017/wp29grpe/ECE-TRANS-WP29-GRPE-2018-04e__track_.pdf">pdf</a> formats.

GRPE/76/Add.2 | GTR 19: WLTP-EVAP GTR as updated by Amendment 1 Amendment 1 to UN Global Technical Regulation No. 19 on Evaporative emission test procedure for the Worldwide harmonized Light vehicles Test Procedures (WLTP EVAP) as approved by the Working Party on Pollution and Energy. The amendment will be considered for adoption during the June 2018 session of the World Forum.

19. The expert from EC, leading the task force on the transposition of WLTP into the 1958 Agreement, GRPE-76-24 on the activities of his group with the development of three alternatives for the construction of a UN Regulation on WLTP, which were presented to the IWG on International Whole Vehicle Type Approval (IWVTA). He recalled the task force’s intention to proceed with a new series of amendments (08) of the existing Regulations Nos. 83 on emissions, including, e.g. Real Driving Emissions (RDE) and that would refer to the new UN Regulation on WLTP to gain approval for tests Types 1 and 4.

20. GRPE discussed the possible alternatives to structure the future UN Regulation on WLTP to address regional specificities. GRPE decided to request the secretariat to consult the Office of Legal Affairs (OLA) as noted in the Appendix of GRPE-76-24.

GRPE-76-24 | Transposition of UN GTR No. 15 into UN Regulations

GRPE-76-24/App.1 | UN Regulation on WLTP: Draft request letter to OLA

21. GRPE acknowledged the progress made by the IWG on WLTP and noted the request for a meeting room for two days during the GRPE week in June 2018.

22. The expert from OICA presented ECE/TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/2018/9 on a proposal for a draft Supplement to the 05 series of amendments to UN Regulation No. 49 in order to introduce a clarification. GRPE adopted this proposal and requested the secretariat to submit it to WP.29 and AC.1 for consideration and vote at their June 2018 sessions as draft Supplement 10 to the 05 series series of amendments to UN Regulation No. 49.

GRPE/2018/9 | Proposal for a new Supplement to the 05 series of amendments to Regulation No. 49 Proposal to improve the "random check requirement" and define the rounding of test results calculated according to Annex 4A in the 05 series of amendments.

23. The expert from OICA also presented ECE/TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/2018/10 with requirements on Engine Control Unit torque signal validation, random check and rounding of test results. The expert from EC proposed clarifications (GRPE-76-16). GRPE adopted the proposal as amended and reproduced in Annex VI and requested the secretariat to submit it to WP.29 and AC.1 for consideration and vote at their June 2018 sessions as draft Supplement 6 to the 06 of amendments to UN Regulation No. 49.

GRPE-76-16 | UN R49: Proposals for amendments to document GRPE/2018/10 EC proposals regarding the OICA proposal on the UN R49.06 ECU torque signal validation requirement and dual-fuel or flex-fuel vehicles.

GRPE/2018/10 | Proposals for a new Supplement to the 06 series of amendments to Regulation No. 49 Proposal to improve the Engine Control Unit (ECU) torque signal validation requirement in the 06 series of amendments to R49 with regard to dual-fuel or flex-fuel vehicles. Under the regulation, the ECU torque information can be calibrated only to one fuel's heat value (usually the basic reference fuel) even though the heat value of the alternative fuel is different. In order to increase the accuracy of the torque values used for calculating the emission results during in-service conformity testing, OICA proposes to change the provisions to either:<ol class="alpha"><li>Demonstrate that both fuels comply because the ODB system is able to detect the fuel used, or</li><li>Determine the torque deviation caused by the alternative fuel heat value compared to the standard fuel and apply this correction factor to calculate a more accurate power signal for the emission calculation.</li></ol>

24. The expert from Switzerland presented an update (GRPE-76-08)to his presentation at a previous session of GRPE (GRPE-75-08) on manipulations on EURO V and VI trucks by aftermarket suppression of AdBlue injection . GRPE invited the expert from Switzerland to inform GRPE of new developments if any.

25. The expert from the European Automobile Manufacturers Association (ACEA) informed GRPE about a workshop held in Brussels on this matter. He offered to share information on the outcome of this workshop.

GRPE-76-08 | Manipulation on EURO IV, EURO V and EURO VI Trucks by Suppression of AdBlue Injection - Situation End of December 2017

26. The expert from EC introduced GRPE-76-13 on a proposal for amendments to UN Regulation No. 132 to align this Regulation with the provisions proposed under agenda item 6 (see para. 32).

27. GRPE requested the secretariat to distribute this proposal with an official symbol at the June session 2018 of GRPE.

GRPE-76-13 | UN R132: Proposal for Supplement 1 to the 01 series of amendments Proposal to align UN R132 with the proposed 05 series of amendments to Regulation No. 96.

28. GRPE did not receive any new proposals.

29. The expert from OICA presented ECE/TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/2018/5 as amended by GRPE-76-23 proposing a solution for the concern raised by the expert from UK in GRPE-75-13 and corrects a long standing error in a formula shown by OICA in GRPE-75-12. GRPE adopted the proposal as reproduced in Annex VII and requested the secretariat to submit it to WP.29 and AC.1 for consideration and vote at their June 2018 sessions as draft Supplement 8 to UN Regulation No. 85.

GRPE-75-12 | Proposal for Supplement 8 to the original version of Regulation No. 85 Proposal to correct an error in the formula presented in paragraph 5.4.2. Diesel engines - Factor <i>αd</i>. The parameter "f_m" in the equation should be a superscript (e.g., meaning "to the power of f_m"). Through a transcription error, this factor was rendered in normal text.

GRPE-75-13 | Effects of Thermal Loading on the Determination of Net Power for Electric Motors

GRPE-76-23 | UN R85: Proposal for amendments to ECE/TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/2018/5 Revised proposal, superseding document GRPE/2018/5, to clarify the wording of the determination of the net power for electric motors and to correct an error in the formula presented in paragraph 5.4.2. Diesel engines - Factor &alpha;<span style="font-size:0.7em">d</span>. The parameter "f_m" in the equation should be a superscript (e.g., meaning "to the power of f_m"). Through a transcription error, this factor was rendered in normal text.

GRPE/2018/5 | Proposal for a new Supplement to the original version of Regulation No. 85 Proposal to clarify the wording of the determination of the net power for electric motors and to correct an error in the formula presented in paragraph 5.4.2. Diesel engines - Factor &alpha;<span style="font-size:0.7em">d</span>. The parameter "f_m" in the equation should be a superscript (e.g., meaning "to the power of f_m"). Through a transcription error, this factor was rendered in normal text.

30. The expert from Italy introduced GRPE-76-02 on the need to update UN Regulation No. 115 and the need to introduce a reference to WLTP instead of emission tests performed on the basis of the former test cycle (New European Driving Cycle (NEDC)). GRPE agreed with Italy that performing a back to back test on the basis of the NEDC test cycle would not make sense if the original type of vehicle would be type-approved on the basis of WLTP. Recalling para. 1.5 of UN Regulation No.115, which requires the modified vehicle to fulfil all the provisions of the Regulation for which the type approval has initially been granted, GRPE confirmed that the Type I test should be performed with the same cycle used during the approval of the original type of vehicle.

31. GRPE invited the expert from Italy and interested experts to consider developing a proposal for amendments to UN Regulation No. 115. The experts from AEGPL and IANGV/NGV Global volunteered to contribute to the work proposed by the expert from Italy.

GRPE-76-02 | Proposal for amendments to UN Regulation No. 115 This document addresses the need to align Regulation No.115 to the Commission Regulation (EU) 2017/1151 , supplementing Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 of the European Parliament and of the Council on type-approval of motor vehicles with respect to emissions from light passenger and commercial vehicles (Euro 5 and Euro 6) and on access to vehicle repair and maintenance information, amending Directive 2007/46/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council, Commission Regulation (EC) No 692/2008 and Commission Regulation (EU) No 1230/2012 and repealing Commission Regulation (EC) No 692/2008.

32. The expert from EC presented (GRPE-76-15) introducing ECE/TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/2018/3 with a proposal for a draft 05 series of amendments to UN Regulation No. 96 to harmonize it with the new European Union Regulation (2016/1628) on Non-Road Mobile Machinery (NRMM) with some corrections by GRPE-76-12. GRPE adopted the proposal as amended (GRPE-76-12) and requested the secretariat to submit ECE/TRANS/WP.29/GRPE/2018/3 and Annex IX (to the session report) to WP.29 and AC.1 for consideration and vote at their June 2018 sessions as draft 05 series of amendments to UN Regulation No. 96.

GRPE-76-12 | UN R96: Proposal for amendments to document GRPE/2018/3 Document GRPE/2018/3 presents a consolidated revision of UN R96 to align the UN Regulation with Regulation (EU) 2016/162 concerning gaseous and particulate pollutant emission limits and type-approval for internal combustion engines for non-road mobile machinery. This proposal presents editorial improvements and corrects the provision allowing contracting parties to require in-service monitoring of engines by explicitly excluding its application from the scope of the Regulation.

GRPE-76-15 | NRMM Emissions: Introduction of documents GRPE-76-12, -13, and -14

GRPE/2018/3 | Proposal for a new series of amendments (05) to Regulation No. 96 Proposal of a consolidated revision of UN R96 to align the UN Regulation with Regulation (EU) 2016/162 concerning gaseous and particulate pollutant emission limits and type-approval for internal combustion engines for non-road mobile machinery.

33. The expert from EC also introduced GRPE-76-14 proposing a new 02 series of amendments to UN Regulation No. 120. GRPE adopted the proposal and requested the secretariat to submit Addendum 3 to the report to WP.29 and AC.1 for consideration and vote at their June 2018 sessions as draft 02 series of amendments to UN Regulation No. 120.

GRPE-76-14 | UN R120: Proposal for a new series of amendments Proposal to align UN R120 with the proposed 05 series of amendments to UN R96 (GRPE/2018/3).

34. The expert from EUROMOT introduced GRPE-76-07 and expressed the concern of his organization on tampering of NRMM after treatment and ECUs by legal persons. EUROMOT informed the GRPE that they would support activities from Contracting Parties to address these concerns. GRPE noted EUROMOT’s concern and agreed on potential follow-ups, noting the efforts required from manufacturers due to anti-tampering provisions in the relevant UN Regulations.

GRPE-76-07 | EUROMOT concerns regarding tampering of NRMM after-treatment and ECUs by legal persons Presentation of EUROMOT concerns regarding activities detrimental to the objectives of emissions-reduction legislation, including:<ul><li>design & sale of so-called ‘ad-blue emulators’ or other electronic devices that effectively turn-off NOx reduction systems,</li<><li>entities offering ECU reprogramming services to turn-off NOx reduction systems or diagnostics or increase engine performance, and</li><li>entities offering after-treatment removal services.</li></ul>

35. GRPE did not receive any new proposal to amend UN GTR No. 11. The secretariat mentioned the achievements under agenda item 6(a) and highlighted the potential need to harmonize UN Regulation No. 96 and UN GTR No. 11 in the near future.

36. The Chair of the IWG on Particle Measurement Programme (PMP) presented a status report on the activities of the group on exhaust and non-exhaust particle emissions (GRPE-76-33). He reported on the ongoing activities: (a) the Round Robin tests scheduled to evaluate the robustness of exhaust particles determination with a size below 23 down to 10 nanometre, (b) the Particulate Number counting from Raw Exhaust via Fixed dilution, (c) the Round Robin Test activities on Particle Number Counter, (d) The Horizon 2020 Projects monitoring, (e) the particle emissions from gas engines and (f) the WLTP low temperature PN testing. On non-exhaust particle emissions: he reported on brake wear particles measurement (braking test cycle reflecting real-world conditions) and the corresponding validation activities of the rig test method that were being developed.

37. GRPE acknowledged the progress made by the IWG on PMP and noted that the group had no request for a meeting room during the GRPE week in June 2018.

GRPE-76-33 | Status report of the PMP informal group

38. GRPE did not receive any new proposal to amend UN Regulations Nos. 40 and 47.

39. The Chair of the IWG on Environmental and Propulsion Performance Requirements for L-category vehicles (EPPR) presented a status report (GRPE-76-29) on the activities. He mentioned the current work on the development of amendments to GTR No. 2 as reflected in GRPE-76-28. He underlined that the work on On-Board Diagnostic systems (OBD) 2 Stage II that begun in 2018 and was expected to be completed in 2019. In an answer to a question raised, he confirmed that the group would address the performance of electric powered two wheelers in a second stage.

GRPE-76-28 | GTR 2: Draft of the amended regulation Draft text of the amended motorcycle emissions GTR from the EPPR informal working group.

GRPE-76-29 | Status report of the EPPR informal group

40. GRPE noted the ongoing discussion on the difficulties to measure particulate matters for vehicles with two-stroke engines and potential interactions with PMP. GRPE acknowledged the progress made by the IWG on EPPR and noted the request for a meeting room for one day during the GRPE week in June 2018.

41. GRPE did not receive any new proposal.

42. The Chair of the IWG on Electric Vehicles and the Environment (EVE) presented a status report on the ongoing activities of the group (GRPE-76-30) under the threeareas of work. First, he explained the ongoing work on GTR development for the test procedure to determine power of electrified vehicles on the basis of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) method(s). He mentioned the work plan and the priority given to the reference method and the development of the candidate method, if time and resources permit validation. He requested input from GRPE on whether this work should be done as an annex to the UN GTR No. 15 or as a standalone UN GTR. Second, he reported on the continuous research on battery durability and referred to activities from the Joint Research Centre (JRC) on a battery life parameterized simulation model validated by on-road testing (led by Canada). He highlighted that the final recommendations, likely to be prepared until 2019, would include a recommendation to seek authorization for relevant additional activities such as UN GTR development or may recommend concluding the topic. Third, he informed GRPE that the IWG on EVE had made a presentation to the Group of Experts on Energy Efficiency (GEEE) to seek their partnership on the project to assess upstream emissions from electric vehicles, that GEEE had been receptive to the idea and endorsed the proposal for the Group of Expert on Cleaner Electricity Production (CEP) to consider this work, with the support of the IWG on EVE.

43. GRPE acknowledged the progress of the IWG on EVE and noted the request for a meeting room for half a day during the GRPE week in June 2018.

GRPE-76-30 | Status report of the EVE informal group

44. GRPE did not receive any new proposal to amend M.R.2.

45. The GRPE Ambassador to the IWG on International Whole Vehicle Type Approval (IWVTA) presented a status report (GRPE-76-31) of the IWG on IWVTA.

46. He informed GRPE that Revision 3 of the 1958 Agreement entered into force on 14 September 2017. He mentioned that the IWG reviewed the options to transpose UN GTR No. 15 into a new UN Regulation on WLTP and excluded option 3 (see para. 19). He mentioned the “Questions and Answers” document prepared on Revision 3 and on UN Regulation No. 0. He invited interested experts to consult these documents. He concluded his intervention by mentioning the difficulties faced by UNECE that was to finance the Database for the Exchange of Type Approval documentation (DETA) necessary for the proper functioning of IWVTA.

GRPE-76-31 | IWVTA: Status report to GRPE

47. The Vice-Chair of the IWG on Vehicles Interior Air Quality (VIAQ) presented a status report on the ongoing activities of the group (GRPE-76-35). He recalled that the original mandate of the group ended in November 2017. He highlighted the conclusion of the work by the tabled proposal for a new Mutual Resolution on recommendations to harmonize test procedures of interior air emissions generated from interior materials (ECE/TRANS/WP.29/2017/136) which was adopted by WP.29 and AC.3 during 173rd WP.29 session in Geneva (14-17 November 2017). He recalled that WP.29 had endorsed the extension of the mandate of the IWG on VIAQ until November 2020 to extend the work and consider not only emissions generated by interior materials, but also gases from other sources that enter into the vehicle cabin.

48. As Chair for the new stage of the IWG on VIAQ, the expert from the Russian Federation highlighted the existing standards on VIAQ in his country. He presented the revised Terms of Reference for the IWG on VIAQ (GRPE-76-27) which were adopted by GRPE, as reproduced in Annex VIII.

49. GRPE acknowledged the progress made by the IWG on VIAQ and noted the request for a meeting room for half a day during the GRPE week in June 2018.

GRPE-76-27 | VIAQ: Proposal for revised Terms of Reference for the informal group

GRPE-76-35 | Status report of the VIAQ informal group

WP.29/2017/136 | Proposal for a new Mutual Resolution (M.R.3) of the 1958 and the 1998 Agreements concerning Vehicle Interior Air Quality (VIAQ)

50. The expert from Japan presented GRPE-76-18 on the activities of his Country on Real Driving Emission (“Japan RDE”). The expert from OICA presented GRPE-76-19 with a non-exhaustive list of countries (e.g. Brazil, China, India, Japan, Republic of Korea) working on non-harmonized requirements on Real Driving Emissions. The Secretary of GRPE mentioned the difficulties faced by GRPE to transpose UN GTR No. 15 due to regional options and variants. He called for early harmonization of technical provisions on Real Driving Emissions. GRPE discussed the proposal of the expert from OICA to have a workshop would be organized in order to discuss Global RDE. The secretariat agreed to collaborate in the hosting of such workshop. The Chair of GRPE welcomed the presentation and invited Contracting Parties to continue this exercise of exchange of information on emissions requirements in the next sessions. He urged the delegations to not only focus on their domestic needs but also leave flexibility for negotiation of globally harmonized requirements. GRPE agreed to add a corresponding agenda item on the agenda of GRPE.

GRPE-76-18 | Development of Japan's Real Driving Emissions procedure

GRPE-76-19 | Global Real Driving Emissions test OICA proposal to explore the possibilities for harmonizing RDE procedures adopted around the world.

51. The expert from China informed GRPE on activities on the China Automotive Testing Cycle (CATP), following a question raised by the Chair (WP.29-172-21).

WP.29-172-21 | Overview of the China Automotive Testing Cycle (CATP) Presentation on the development of a testing cycle for fuel consumption/emission, including a national/regional CLTC (light-duty) and CHTC (heavy-duty), including new energy vehicles.

52. The expert from OICA briefly introduced GRPE-76-20 on non-harmonized fuel economy provisions for heavy duty vehicles in various countries and regions. The expert from OICA proposed that a workshop would be organized in order to discuss this subject. The secretariat agreed to collaborate in hosting the workshop. GRPE agreed to add a corresponding item on the agenda of GRPE.

GRPE-76-20 | HD Fuel Economy - Proposal for global harmonization OICA proposal to pursue gradual harmonization of heavy-duty vehicle fuel efficiency standards, beginning with an effort to define a uniform measurement procedure through a global technical regulation.

53. The expert from OICA briefly introduced GRPE-76-21, proposing to amend UN Regulation No. 24. He agreed to prepare an informal document along the lines in his presentation.

GRPE-76-21 | UN R24: Proposal for amendments Proposal to align UN R24 (Compression Ignition Engines - Emission of Visible Pollutants - Power Measurement) with UN R85 with regard to correction factors.

54. The secretariat briefly introduced GRSG-113-39 to inform GRPE on activities that could be relevant. He invited delegates to consult the document and submit remarks if necessary.

GRSG-113-39 | UN R121: Proposal for Supplement 10 to the original series of amendments and Supplement 2 to the 01 series of amendments Proposal to delete footnote ¹⁸ of Table 1 regarding telltale no. 1 (Master lighting switch) when it is combined with telltale no. 19 (Position, side marker, and/or end-outline marker lamps). The footnote is redundant and potentially confusing since UN R121 already refers to paragraph 5. of ISO 2575-2004 which states, "A given symbol may be shown in more than one of the colours specified in 5.1 in order to convey a change in the operating condition."